Table 1.

Emerging Themes, Subthemes and Codes

Theme	Subthemes	Codes
Participation in national health policy development	Nurses and midwives being overlooked and unacknowledged	All doctors Involved Seek inputs Not recognized Not mentioned Seek opinions Not named
	Etic and emic of nurses	Not knowledgeable Not intelligent Least knowledgeable No impact Not recognized No good material Poor image Kowtowing Historical image Female dominated
Perspectives on policies that need reforms	Pre-service preparation gap	Few clinicians Poor foundation Strong collaboration Eager to school Inexperience Being skillful Correction Interactive teaching Inexperienced teachers Practical exposure
	Influence on admission into nursing schools	Selection into schools Student recruitment Penetration into profession Job opportunity Political manipulation Politics and nursing Higher authority
	Staff development and motivation mechanisms	Leaders not nurses Unfair treatments Unrecognized certificates Low salary No study leave