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. 2021 Jan 8;11:579907. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.579907

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Copyright © 2021 Haake and Matsunaga

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Summary of Leptospiral Immunoglobulin-Like (Lig) Protein Drivers, Charateristics, Functions, and Impacts. Lig proteins are exported to the leptospiral surface as lipoproteins via the localization of lipoprotein (Lol) pathway. Expression is stimulated by temperature and osmolarity. Their immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domains are responsible for various functions including leptospiral adhesion, complement evasion and modulation of hemostasis. These functions contribute to leptospiral virulence and immune evasion. Lig protein epitopes have been found to contain immunoprotective vaccine and serodiagnostic determinants.