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. 2021 Jan 22;12:76. doi: 10.1186/s13287-021-02151-w

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — SCAP-Exo promoted angiogenesis to accelerate wound healing in the palatal gingiva. a Schematic indicating the experimental design for SCAP-Exo infusion in gingival wounds in the palates of mice. b Representative images and quantification of the gingival wound areas in the control and SCAP-Exo groups. Wound healing of the palatal gingiva was significantly accelerated in the SCAP-Exo group at 3 and 7 days post wounding compared to the control group. c. H&E staining was used to observe the epidermis and connective tissues formation at 7 days post wounding. Scale bar = 200 μm. Immunofluorescence staining showing significantly increased Collagen I and Fibronectin expressions in the palatal gingiva of the SCAP-Exo group at 7 days post wounding compared with the control group. Scale bar = 100 μm. d Histological views showing many newly formed blood vessels containing red blood cells in the gingival wounds of the SCAP-Exo group at 1 and 3 days post wounding compared with the control group. Scale bar = 50 μm. e Immunofluorescence staining and quantification showed that the percentage of CD31-positive area (red) in the SCAP-Exo group was higher than that in the control group at 1 and 3 days post wounding. The epidermis and connective tissues are separated by the white dotted line in the images. The slides were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar = 50 μm. n = 5 in each group. NS: P > 0.05. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. Error bars: mean ± SD