Table 6.
Methodological characteristics of the articles reviewed.
| Characteristic | Summa et al. (2015) [37] | Tramontano et al. (2017) [34] | Wolter et al. (2019) [35] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Objective | To compare the postural adjustments in children with CP and TD | To determine the effect of doing a simultaneous cognitive task when walking on balance. | To determine the influence of the BalanCi application on the bilateral cochlear implant on balance during gait. |
| Study design | Descriptive cross-sectional. | Descriptive cross-sectional. | Prospective, blinded, case-control. |
| Population | Children with CP and TD. | Children with CP, adults with stroke and controls with TD. | Children with bilateral cochlear implants and vestibular loss. |
| Sample size | 40 (CP children: 20) (18 girls: 45%) |
85 (50 control) (40 girls: 47%). |
26 (10 control) (9 girls: 35%). |
| Age (mean ± standard deviation) | 5.8 ± 2.2 years (children range: 2–9). | 34.9 ± 4.3 years (children range: 3–12). | 14.1 ± 3.6 years (range: 6–17). |
| Motor tests included | 10 m walking test. | Children: Pediatric Balance Scale and Gross Motor Function Measure. Adults: Berg Balance Scale and Timed Up & Go. |
6 m walk test and Modified Clinical Test Sensory Interaction in Balance. |
| Accelerometer used | Inertial measurement units MIMUs, Opal (APDM Inc., Portland, OR, USA). | Triaxial accelerometer (unspecified model). | Ipod Touch (Apple Inc., Cupertino, CA, USA). |
| Frequency of data collection | 128 Hz and 4th-order low pass Butterworth filter (20 Hz). | 100 Hz and low pass filter (20 Hz). | Not specified. |
| Sensor placement | Head, sternum, and sacrum–L5. | L2–L3. | Vertex of the head. |
| Variables analyzed | Root mean square of three axes. | Accelerations in the three axes and root mean square. | Root mean square. |
| Comparison with Gold Standard or others | No. | Pediatric Balance Scale. | No. |
CP: cerebral palsy; TD: typical development.