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. 2020 Dec 22;9(1):3. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines9010003

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Schematic picture of the mechanisms by which metformin exerts a protective action against oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction (direct arrows indicate the direction of the pathway, whilst blocked arrows stands for inhibition of that specific pathway. Double arrow stands instead for a bidirectional reaction).