Production and validation of rPvMSP8, rPvMSP1-19, and rPvMSP8+1 polyclonal antibodies and immune serum samples. (A) Subcellular localization of rPvMSP8, rPvMSP1-19, and rPvMSP8+1 proteins. Schizont-stage parasites of P. vivax were labeled with rPvMSP8, rPvMSP1-19, and rPvMSP8+1 polyclonal antibodies (red) and preimmune rabbit serum. Nuclei were visualized with DAPI (blue) in merged images. PI, preimmune rabbit serum; DIC, differential interference contrast. (B) Western blot analysis of rPvMSP8, rPvMSP1-19, and rPvMSP8+1 using an anti-His antibody (His), mouse immune sera (MS), rabbit immune sera (RS), rabbit immune antibody (RA), and preimmune sera (PI). Molecular weight markers in kilodaltons (kDa) are indicated. (C) Cross-reaction of protein rPvMSP8 (i), rPvMSP1-19 (ii), or rPvMSP8+1 (iii) with sera from immune mice. PBS was used as negative control. A statistically significant difference was not observed.