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. 2020 Dec 23;9(1):16. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9010016

Table 3.

Studies on the isolation of common entomopathogenic fungi from different soil types through insect baiting or soil suspension culture on selective medium.

Entomopathogenic Fungi Soil Habitat Type Medium for Soil Suspension Culture Insect Baiting a Reference
Beauveria bassiana sensu lato Organically managed farm and hedgerows with hawthorn, poplar, nettles, in Bakkegården, Denmark n/a GM [80]
Conventional and organic corn field and soybean field; and field margins with grass strips in Iowa, USA Appendix A, Medium 14 (supplemented with 0.62 gL−1 dodine) GM [57]
Agricultural habitat and natural habitat, Southern Ontario and the Kawartha Lakes region, Canada n/a GM [76]
Cultivated habitats (olive and stone-fruit crops, horticultural crops, cereals crops, leguminous crops, and sunflower); and natural habitats (natural forests, pastures, riverbanks, and desert areas) in Spain and the Canary and the Balearic Archipelagos n/a GM [81]
Three conventional citrus farms and three organic citrus farms in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa n/a C. capitata; T. leucotreta; GM [109]
Cornfields, Iowa, USA n/a D. virgifera virgifera; TM; GM [110]
Tejocote orchard soils, Mexico n/a GM [86]
Solovakian crop fields, meadows, hedgerows, and forests Appendix A, Medium 15 GM [88,97]
Darmstadt surroundings, Germany n/a GM [73]
Fields in east, north, central and south west of Switzerland Appendix A, Medium 15 GM [61]
Argan forests in Morocco Appendix A, Medium 15 GM [95]
Natural and cultivated soils, Finland n/a A. aedilis; T. castaneum; GM; TM [104]
Native woodland soils, Iceland n/a GM; TM [106]
Field crop and hedgerows, Årslev, Denmark n/a GM [126]
Soils from Dylas plant community, Greenland n/a GM [107]
Vineyard soils and hedgerows, Douro wine region, Portugal n/a GM; TM [7]
Vineyards in the states of New South Wales and Victoria, Australia Appendix A, Medium 9 (supplemented with 0.2 g/L dodine, 0.1 g/L chloramphenicol, and 0.05 g/L streptomycin sulphate); Appendix A, Medium 15 TM [127]
B. brongniartii Solovakian crop fields, hedgerows, and forests n/a GM [88]
Fields in east, north, central, and southwest Switzerland Appendix A, Medium 15 GM [61,62]
B. pseudobassiana Tejocote orchard soils, Mexico n/a GM [86]
Solovakian crop fields, meadows, hedgerows, and forests n/a GM [88]
Hedgerows around an organic farming field, Bakkegården, Denmark n/a GM [128]
Soils from grasses, Salix, and Betula community, Greenland n/a GM [107]
Hedgerows in vineyards, Douro wine region, Portugal n/a GM [7]
Vineyards in the states of New South Wales and Victoria, Australia n/a TM [127]
B. australis Vineyards in the states of New South Wales and Victoria, Australia Appendix A, Medium 9 (supplemented with 0.2 g/L dodine, 0.1 g/L chloramphenicol, and 0.05 g/L streptomycin sulphate); Appendix A, Medium 15 TM [127]
B. varroae Hedgerows in vineyards, Douro wine region, Portugal n/a GM [7]
Clonostachys rosea f. rosea Vineyard soils and hedgerows, Douro wine region, Portugal n/a GM; TM [7]
Conidiobolus coronatus Organically managed farm in Bakkegården, Denmark n/a GM [80]
Three conventional citrus farms and three organic citrus farms in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa n/a C. capitata [109]
Cordyceps farinosa Organically managed farm; Hedgerows with hawthorn, poplar, nettles in Bakkegården, Denmark n/a GM [80]
Agricultural habitat and natural habitat, Southern Ontario and the Kawartha Lakes region, Canada n/a GM [76]
Crop fields, meadows, hedgerows, and forests, Slovakia n/a GM [97]
Darmstadt surroundings, Germany n/a GM [73]
Natural and cultivated soils, Finland n/a A. aedilis; T. castaneum; TM [104]
Natural soils, Finland n/a GM [104]
Native woodland soils, Iceland n/a GM; TM [106]
Field crop and hedgerows, Årslev, Denmark n/a GM [126]
Soils from grasses and Salix community, Greenland n/a GM [107]
C. fumosorosea Organically managed farm and Hedgerows with hawthorn, poplar, nettles in Bakkegården, Denmark n/a GM [80]
Agricultural habitat and natural habitat, Southern Ontario and the Kawartha Lakes region, Canada n/a GM [76]
Crop fields, meadows, hedgerows, and forests, Slovakia Appendix A, Medium 15 GM [97]
Darmstadt surroundings, Germany n/a GM [73]
Fields in east, north, central and south west of Switzerland Appendix A, Medium 15 GM [61]
Cultivated soils, Finland n/a A. aedilis; T. castaneum [104]
Natural and cultivated soils, Finland n/a TM [104]
Natural soils, Finland n/a GM [104]
Hedgerows, Årslev, Denmark n/a GM [126]
Soils from Dyras, Salix, and Vaccinium plant communities, Greenland n/a GM [107]
Lecanicillium spp. Organically managed farm in Bakkegården, Denmark n/a GM [80]
Three conventional citrus farms and three organic citrus farms in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa n/a C. capitata [109]
Vineyard soils, Douro wine region, Portugal n/a GM; TM [7]
Metarhizium anisopliae sensu lato and/or M. robertsii Organically managed farm in Bakkegården, Denmark n/a GM [80]
Conventional and organic corn field and soybean field; and field margins with grass strips, Iowa, USA Appendix A, Medium 14 (supplemented with 0.39 gL−1 dodine and 0.25 gL−1) GM [57]
Agricultural habitat and natural habitat, Southern Ontario and the Kawartha Lakes region, Canada n/a GM [76]
Three conventional citrus farms and three organic citrus farms in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa n/a T. leucotreta; GM [109]
Cornfields, Iowa, USA n/a D. virgifera virgifera; TM; GM [110]
Tejocote orchard soils, Mexico n/a GM [86]
Crop fields, meadows, hedgerows, and forests, Slovakia Appendix A, Medium 15 GM [97]
Darmstadt surroundings, Germany n/a GM [73]
Fields in east, north, central, and southwest Switzerland Appendix A, Medium 15 GM [61]
Argan forests, Morocco Appendix A, Medium 15 GM [95]
Cultivated soils, Finland n/a A. aedilis; T. castaneum [104]
Natural and cultivated soils, Finland n/a GM; TM [104]
Native woodland soils, Iceland n/a TM [106]
Field crop and hedgerows, Årslev, Denmark n/a GM [126]
Soils near ant nests, Tropical forest, Panama Appendix A, Medium 9 (with and without supplementation of 0.01% (v/v) dodine, 0.01% (v/v) streptomycinsulphate, and 0.005% (v/v) chloramphenicol) GM; TM [105]
Soils from grass, sugarcane and lime grass, Acatlán de Pérez Figueroa, Oaxaca, Mexico Appendix A, Medium 12, Medium 13 GM [100]
Field crop and hedgerows, Årslev, Denmark n/a TM [93]
Vineyard soils, Douro wine region, Portugal n/a GM; TM [7]
Vineyards in the states of New South Wales and Victoria, Australia Appendix A, Medium 9, (supplemented with 0.2 g/L dodine, 0.1 g/L chloramphenicol, and 0.05 g/L streptomycin sulphate); Appendix A, Medium 15 TM [127]
Corn, soybean and alfalfa field with different farming treatments (chisel-till, no-till, organic 6-year rotation) in Prince George’s County, Maryland, USA Appendix A, Medium 10 (with varying strength of CTAB); Appendix A, Medium 15 (with varying strength of dodine) n/a [99]
Cultivated habitats (olive and stone-fruit crops, horticultural crops, cereals crops, leguminous crops, and sunflower); and natural habitats (natural forests, pastures, riverbanks, and desert areas) in Spain and the Canary and the Balearic Archipelagos n/a GM [81]
M. pingshaense Sugar cane leaf, Acatlán de Pérez Figueroa, Oaxaca, Mexico Appendix A, Medium 12, Medium 13 n/a [100]
Vineyards in the states of New South Wales and Victoria, Australia n/a TM [127]
Soybean (no-till), and corn (chisel-till) farming field in Prince George’s County, Maryland, USA Appendix A, Medium 10 (with varying strength of CTAB); Appendix A, Medium 15 (with varying strength of dodine) n/a [99]
M. brunneum Oilseed rape, Winter wheat and Grass pasture, Eastern Denmark Appendix A, Medium 13 TM [96]
Field crop and hedgerows, Årslev, Denmark n/a TM [93]
Vineyards in the states of New South Wales and Victoria, Australia Appendix A, Medium 9 (supplemented with 0.2 g/L dodine, 0.1 g/L chloramphenicol, and 0.05 g/L streptomycin sulphate); Appendix A, Medium 15 TM [127]
Corn (two systems: organic 6 year rotation; and no-till), and soybean (organic 6 year rotation) farming in Prince George’s County, Maryland, USA Appendix A, Medium 10 (with varying strength of CTAB); Appendix A, Medium 15 (with varying strength of dodine) n/a [99]
M. guizhouense Lime grass soil, Acatlán de Pérez Figueroa, Oaxaca, Mexico n/a GM [100]
Vineyard soils, Douro wine region, Portugal n/a GM [7]
Vineyards in the states of New South Wales and Victoria, Australia n/a TM [127]
M. flavoviride Organically managed farm and Hedgerows with hawthorn, poplar, nettles in Bakkegården, Denmark n/a GM [80]
Three conventional citrus farms and three organic citrus farms in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa n/a T. leucotreta; GM [109]
Oilseed rape, Winter wheat and Grass pasture, Eastern Denmark Appendix A, Medium 13 TM [96]
Field crop and hedgerows, Årslev, Denmark n/a TM [93]
Vineyards in the states of New South Wales and Victoria, Australia Appendix A, Medium 9 (supplemented with 0.2 g/L dodine, 0.1 g/L chloramphenicol, and 0.05 g/L streptomycin sulphate); Appendix A, Medium 15 TM [127]
M. majus Grass pasture, Eastern Denmark Appendix A, Medium 13 n/a [96]
Vineyards in the states of New South Wales and Victoria, Australia Appendix A, Medium 9 (supplemented with 0.2 g/L dodine, 0.1 g/L chloramphenicol, and 0.05 g/L streptomycin sulphate); Appendix A, Medium 15 n/a [127]
Purpureocillium lilacinum Argan forests in Morocco Appendix A, Medium 15 GM [95]
Vineyard soils, Douro wine region, Portugal n/a GM; TM [7]

a Bait insects G. mellonella and T. molitor are abbreviated as GM and TM, respectively.