Table 1.

Fatty acid acylcarnitines and amino acids at different time point of KDT for 22 study subjects.Fatty acid acylcarnitines and amino acids were checked at baseline and after 3, 6, 9, and 12 month of ketogenic diet therapy. All statistically significant values are bolded.

Fatty Acid, n = 22
	Free Carnitine			C2 Carnitine			C3 Carnitine			C4:OH Carnitine			C4-DC Carnitine			C5 Carnitine			C5:OH Carnitine
Months	β	SE	p	β	SE	p	β	SE	p	β	SE	p	β	SE	p	β	SE	p	β	SE	p
0	0.00	-	-	0.00	-	-	0.00	-	-	0.00	-	-	0.00	-	-	0.00	-	-	0.00	-	-
3	−3.08	2.07	0.136	7.29	2.40	0.002 ***	−0.64	0.24	0.006 **	0.25	0.04	0.000 ****	−0.25	0.04	0.000 ****	−0.02	0.01	0.253	−0.03	0.02	0.093
6	−3.91	2.06	0.057	8.15	2.80	0.004 ***	−0.80	0.19	0.000 ****	0.26	0.04	0.000 ****	−0.26	0.05	0.000 ****	−0.02	0.01	0.063	−0.05	0.02	0.005 **
9	−5.10	1.69	0.003 ***	5.12	2.46	0.037 *	−0.93	0.16	0.000 ****	0.23	0.04	0.000 ****	−0.30	0.04	0.000 ****	−0.02	0.01	0.044 *	−0.05	0.02	0.008 **
12	−4.07	1.97	0.039 *	7.14	3.12	0.022 *	−0.79	0.17	0.000 ****	0.24	0.05	0.000 ****	−0.31	0.04	0.000 ****	−0.02	0.01	0.022 *	−0.04	0.02	0.039 *
	C8/C10 Carnitine			C14 Carnitine			C14:1 Carnitine			C14:2 Carnitine			C16 Carnitine			C16:1 Carnitine
Months	β	SE	p	β	SE	p	β	SE	p	β	SE	p	β	SE	p	β	SE	p
0	0.00	-	-	0.00	-	-	0.00	-	-	0.00	-	-	0.00	-	-	0.00	-	-
3	−0.05	0.07	0.531	0.02	0.03	0.521	0.03	0.01	0.005 ***	0.00	0.00	0.314	−0.12	0.13	0.333	−0.01	0.01	0.296
6	−0.02	0.11	0.822	−0.03	0.01	0.002 ***	0.00	0.01	0.741	0.00	0.01	0.855	−0.26	0.10	0.009 **	−0.02	0.01	0.025 *
9	−0.04	0.07	0.591	−0.02	0.01	0.040 *	0.02	0.01	0.070	0.00	0.00	0.896	−0.31	0.11	0.007 **	−0.02	0.01	0.083
12	−0.15	0.05	0.004 ***	−0.02	0.01	0.151	0.03	0.02	0.113	0.01	0.01	0.035 *	−0.38	0.12	0.001 ***	−0.03	0.01	0.027 *
Amino Acid, n=22
	Phenylalanine			Tyrosine			Glycine			Proline			Leucine-Isoleucine			Methionine			Arginine
Months	β	SE	p	β	SE	p	β	SE	p	β	SE	p	β	SE	p	β	SE	p	β	SE	p
0	0.00	-	-	0.00	-	-	0.00	-	-	0.00	-	-	0.00	-	-	0.00	-	-	0.00	-	-
3	−6.61	2.00	0.001 ****	−12.15	3.29	0.000 ****	78.21	22.39	0.000 ****	−26.54	17.18	0.122	−35.61	19.59	0.069	−3.64	1.40	0.009 **	−0.27	0.46	0.552
6	−7.92	2.37	0.001 ****	−14.75	2.91	0.000 ****	91.01	37.92	0.016 *	−52.66	13.52	0.000 ****	−56.41	18.67	0.003 ***	−4.37	1.63	0.007 **	−0.90	0.46	0.048 *
9	−9.28	1.81	0.000 ****	−11.77	2.72	0.000 ****	74.71	23.49	0.001 ***	−49.16	14.48	0.001 ****	−52.51	13.75	0.000 ****	−5.28	1.48	0.000 ****	−0.55	0.45	0.221
12	−6.63	1.89	0.000 ****	−13.79	2.94	0.000 ****	49.82	17.93	0.005 **	−29.88	16.82	0.076	−48.35	14.31	0.001 ****	−5.48	1.19	0.000 ****	−0.53	0.49	0.278
	Valine			Citrulline			Homocysteine
Months	β	SE	p	β	SE	p	β	SE	p
0	0.00	-	-	0.00	-	-	0.00	-	-
3	−23.39	21.37	0.274	2.57	1.26	0.041 *	1.17	0.52	0.025 *
6	−37.94	22.61	0.093	−1.00	1.47	0.497	0.54	0.63	0.387
9	−38.38	17.38	0.027 *	1.06	1.35	0.432	0.34	0.49	0.486
12	−41.06	17.11	0.016 *	−0.51	1.50	0.732	−0.23	0.47	0.630

β: regression weight; SE: Standard error; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.05, **** p < 0.001.