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. 2020 Jul 1;189(12):1600–1609. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwaa125

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Example data structures for multigenerational studies. A) Full population; B) design I: sampling entire F0 families; C) design II: sampling single F1’s within F0 families; D) design III: sampling F1’s directly. Gray circles indicate people not observed in the sample. Asterisks (*) indicate the primary sampling units in designs I–III.