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. 2021 Jan 14;2021:8872702. doi: 10.1155/2021/8872702

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Antioxidant defense in the NAFLD model. The activity of the enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants in HepG2 cell cultures incubated with phloroglucinol (PHG), palmitate (NAFLD), both PHG and NAFLD, and palmitate with other known antioxidants: N-acetylcysteine (NAFLD+NAC) and alpha-lipoic acid (NAFLD+ALA). (a) Phloroglucinol alone decreased the concentration of total glutathione; however, no effect was observed in the group incubated with palmitate and PHG together. (b–d) PHG similarly to other antioxidants normalised the level of reduced and oxidized glutathione but not the GSH/GSSG ratio. (e) The intensity of glutathione peroxidase activity (GSH-Px) was markedly elevated in the NAFLD+PHG group. (f) The activity of catalase (CAT) was significantly higher in the NAFLD+PHG group compared to other groups. (g) PHG increased the activity of glutathione reductase (GR) in lipid overload state (NAFLD+PHG). (h) PHG exerted no effect on superoxide dismutase compared with the control; however, the difference was significant between the NAFLD, PHG, and NAFLD+PHG groups.