Table 2.

Illustrative operative phases for video assessments.

Assessment	Critical portions of the operation	Rationale
Technical skills assessment	Performance of distal arterial and venous anastomoses (exposure is completed → last suture is cut after tying) Performance of proximal arterial anastomosis (initial use of electrocautery to isolate the area for anastomosis → last suture is cut after tying)	Video segment would contain technical skills (eg, economy of motion: creation of anastomosis) that are critical for a successful operation.
Nontechnical practices assessment	Preinduction verification (prior to → end of discussion) Preincision timeout (prior to → end of discussion) Prebypass transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) assessment (surgeon request for TEE → completed discussion between the surgeon and anesthesiologist) Preparation and weaning from bypass (surgeon requests the heart to be filled up → protamine finished)	Video segment would contain nontechnical practices (eg, decision making and communication/teamwork: discussion during the verification and timeout, as well as focusing on ensuring a safe weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass).