. 2021 Jan 22;11:2087. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-78801-5

Table 2.

Mean scores (SD) [range] at pre-test, post-test, and follow-up separately for the EG and CG groups.

Measures	EG (N = 20^a)	CG (N = 21^a)
BIN (correct responses) Max score = 106	71.70 (23.25) [31–105]	84.75 (17.95) [53–106]	85.55 (17.96) [56–105]	72.00 (24.62) [24–105]	77.33 (22.24) [31–106]	77.57 (21.91) [34–106]
Number comparison (% of errors)	29.09 (18.56) [0–63.64]	14.55 (15.15) [0–45.45]	14.09 (14.59) [0–45.45]	29.87 (21.92) [0–81.82]	25.54 (18.32) [0–54.55]	30.30 (19.78) [0–63.64]
Mental calculation (% of correct responses)	23.81 (32.79) [0–94.44]	47.22 (43.19) [0–100]	50.00 (42.98) [0–100]	29.63 (37.53) [0–100]	38.27 (44.81) [0–100]	32.10 (42.55) [0–100]
NTP 0–10 (PAE)	20.43 (9.46) [7.53–44.44]	17.13 (10.55) [4.33–42.43]	15.53 (11.16) [3.06–50.88]	22.17 (11.56) [3.53–44.44]	20.64 (13.83) [5.79–50]	23.64 (15.85) [4.60–54.17]
NTP 0–20 (PAE)	22.33 (11.48) [2.44–48.19]	16.56 (11.09) [3.28–44.21]	14.65 (9.76) [5.88–47.64]	22.10 (13.06) [2.44–49.10]	24.51 (16.97) [3.48–59.37]	27.45 (18.43) [4.60–59.21]
Match-to-sample (% correct)	52.54 (7.98) [38.89–64.44]	61.43 (4.54) [53.33–68.89]	61.98 (9.03) [43.33–76.67]	57.89 (8.05) [46.67–70.00]	58.00 (8.95) [45.56–71.11]	59.00 (10.55) [45.56–76.67]
Naming (% correct)	67.35 (32.93) [23.81–100]	69.73 (26.06) [38.10–100]	68.03 (26.90) [38.10–100]	75.00 (28.92) [19.05–100]	73.81 (30.39) [14.29–100]	72.22 (30.70) [19.05–100]
Counting (% correct)	76.42 (19.19) [28.57–93.33]	84.69 (13.39) [57.14–100]	84.18 (10.55) [71.43–100]	73.81 (26.95) [28.57–100]	76.59 (28.76) [7.14–100]	78.18 (23.17) [21.43–100]
Digit comparison (% correct)	65.48 (17.81) [40.28–98.61]	79.76 (13.88) [52.78–98.61]	78.97 (12.05) [65.28–100]	67.59 (21.04) [45.83–100]	73.38 (20.48) [45.83–100]	73.61 (17.93) [44.44–100]
Letter recognition (% of errors)	15.24 (18.25) [0–71.43]	10.71 (15.28) [0–57.14]	9.76 (13.77) [0–47.62]	15.64 (23.24) [0–80.95]	6.12 (11.87) [0–38.10]	3.85 (9.60) [0–42.86]
Syllable reading (errors) Max score = 100	46.50 (42.48) [0–100]	46.70 (42.79) [0–100]	48.55 (43.37) [0–100]	59.86 (44.08) [6–100]	43.67 (40.11) [2–100]	41.24 (39.02) [1–100]
Word reading (errors) Max score = 112	64.60 (50.33) [0–112]	63.20 (50.99) [0–112]	64.25 (50.73) [0–112]	74.48 (47.54) [8–112]	63.00 (49.77) [5–112]	62.10 (50.89) [3–112]
Pseudoword reading (errors) Max score = 48	31.60 (17.81) [6–48]	30.55 (18.77) [2–48]	31.25 (18.76) [0–48]	34.95 (16.75) [10–48]	31.19 (20.85) [4–48]	30.62 (21.52) [2–48]

Measures

EG (N = 20^a)

CG (N = 21^a)

Pre-test

Post-test

Follow-up

Pre-test

Post-test

Follow-up

BIN (correct responses)

Max score = 106

71.70 (23.25)

[31–105]

84.75

(17.95)

[53–106]

85.55

(17.96)

[56–105]

72.00

(24.62)

[24–105]

77.33

(22.24)

[31–106]

77.57

(21.91)

[34–106]

Number comparison (% of errors)

29.09 (18.56)

[0–63.64]

14.55 (15.15)

[0–45.45]

14.09 (14.59)

[0–45.45]

29.87 (21.92)

[0–81.82]

25.54 (18.32)

[0–54.55]

30.30 (19.78)

[0–63.64]

Mental calculation (% of correct responses)

23.81 (32.79)

[0–94.44]

47.22 (43.19)

[0–100]

50.00 (42.98)

[0–100]

29.63 (37.53)

[0–100]

38.27 (44.81)

[0–100]

32.10 (42.55)

[0–100]

NTP 0–10 (PAE)

20.43 (9.46)

[7.53–44.44]

17.13 (10.55)

[4.33–42.43]

15.53 (11.16)

[3.06–50.88]

22.17 (11.56)

[3.53–44.44]

20.64 (13.83)

[5.79–50]

23.64 (15.85)

[4.60–54.17]

NTP 0–20 (PAE)

22.33 (11.48)

[2.44–48.19]

16.56 (11.09)

[3.28–44.21]

14.65 (9.76)

[5.88–47.64]

22.10 (13.06)

[2.44–49.10]

24.51 (16.97)

[3.48–59.37]

27.45 (18.43)

[4.60–59.21]

Match-to-sample (% correct)

52.54 (7.98)

[38.89–64.44]

61.43 (4.54)

[53.33–68.89]

61.98 (9.03)

[43.33–76.67]

57.89 (8.05)

[46.67–70.00]

58.00 (8.95)

[45.56–71.11]

59.00 (10.55)

[45.56–76.67]

Naming (% correct)

67.35 (32.93)

[23.81–100]

69.73 (26.06)

[38.10–100]

68.03 (26.90)

[38.10–100]

75.00 (28.92)

[19.05–100]

73.81 (30.39)

[14.29–100]

72.22 (30.70)

[19.05–100]

Counting (% correct)

76.42 (19.19)

[28.57–93.33]

84.69 (13.39)

[57.14–100]

84.18 (10.55)

[71.43–100]

73.81 (26.95)

[28.57–100]

76.59 (28.76)

[7.14–100]

78.18 (23.17)

[21.43–100]

Digit comparison (% correct)

65.48 (17.81)

[40.28–98.61]

79.76 (13.88)

[52.78–98.61]

78.97 (12.05)

[65.28–100]

67.59 (21.04)

[45.83–100]

73.38 (20.48)

[45.83–100]

73.61 (17.93)

[44.44–100]

Letter recognition (% of errors)

15.24 (18.25)

[0–71.43]

10.71 (15.28)

[0–57.14]

9.76 (13.77)

[0–47.62]

15.64 (23.24)

[0–80.95]

6.12 (11.87)

[0–38.10]

3.85 (9.60)

[0–42.86]

Syllable reading (errors)

Max score = 100

46.50 (42.48)

[0–100]

46.70 (42.79)

[0–100]

48.55 (43.37)

[0–100]

59.86 (44.08)

[6–100]

43.67 (40.11)

[2–100]

41.24 (39.02)

[1–100]

Word reading (errors)

Max score = 112

64.60 (50.33)

[0–112]

63.20 (50.99)

[0–112]

64.25 (50.73)

[0–112]

74.48 (47.54)

[8–112]

63.00 (49.77)

[5–112]

62.10 (50.89)

[3–112]

Pseudoword reading (errors)

Max score = 48

31.60 (17.81)

[6–48]

30.55 (18.77)

[2–48]

31.25 (18.76)

[0–48]

34.95 (16.75)

[10–48]

31.19 (20.85)

[4–48]

30.62 (21.52)

[2–48]

^aDue to a computer failure at follow-up, the sample size was reduced for the following tasks: mental calculation, naming, counting and digit comparison (N_EG = 14; N_CG = 18) and Match-to-Sample (N_EG = 14; N_CG = 10).