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Phytochemicals modulate AD pathogenesis. Phytochemicals stimulate α-secretase activity or may hinder β-secretase activity that inhibits toxic oligomer production. Polyphenols and other compounds modify Aβ aggregates and convert them into nontoxic oligomers. Some phytochemicals inactivate mTOR and initiate the autophagy pathway. Polyphenols and other compounds prevent tau hyperphosphorylation and convert tau aggregates into nontoxic aggregates.
