Table 3.
Methodological quality analysis according to the CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) guide for reporting clinical trials.
| Studies | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | Total Score | (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Berghouse et al., 1984 [38] | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 11/25 | 44 |
| Jones et al., 1985 [39] | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 13.5/25 | 54 |
| Ritchie et al., 1987 [40] | 0 | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 17/25 | 68 |
| Lomer et al., 2001 [41] | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14/25 | 56 |
| Lomer et al., 2005 [42] | 0.5 | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 17/25 | 68 |
| Bentz et al., 2010 [45] | 0.5 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 12.5/25 | 50 |
| Rajendran et al., 2010 [47] | 0.5 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0.5 | NA | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | NA | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | NA | NA | NA | 10.5/16 | 66 |
| Uzunismail et al., 2011 [48] | 0.5 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0.5 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0.5 | NA | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | NA | NA | NA | 10/17 | 59 |
| Marlow et al., 2013 [49] | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0 | NA | 0.5 | 0 | 1 | 0.5 | NA | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | NA | NA | NA | 11/16 | 69 |
| Kyaw et al., 2014 [51] | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 17/25 | 68 |
| Gunasekeera et al., 2016 [52] | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 20/25 | 80 |
| Halmos et al., 2016 [53] | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 19/25 | 76 |
| Komperod et al., 2017 [57] | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0.5 | NA | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | NA | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | NA | NA | NA | 11.5/16 | 72 |
| Konijeti et al., 2017 [58] | 0.5 | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 1 | NA | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | NA | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | NA | NA | NA | 13/16 | 81 |
| Pedersen et al., 2017 [59] | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 18.5/25 | 74 |
| Jian et al., 2018 [61] | 0.5 | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 16.5/25 | 66 |
| Testa et al., 2018 [62] | 0.5 | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | NA | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | NA | NA | NA | 12/17 | 71 |
| Bodini et al., 2019 [63] | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14.5/25 | 58 |
| Cox et al., 2020 [67] | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 23.5/25 | 94 |
NA: Not applicable.