Table 2.
Factors associated with health literacy knowledge among student and practising nurses in Ghana by ordinal logistics regression analyses.
| Student Nurses ^ | Practising Nurses | Overall Sample ^ | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B | 95% CI | Stand. Error | Odds Ratio b | B | 95% CI | Stand. Error | Odds Ratio b | B | 95% CI | Stand. Error | Odds Ratio b | |
| Personal and socio-cultural characteristics | ||||||||||||
| Age | -- | -- | -- | -- | −0.007 | −0.106, 0.091 | 0.050 | 0.993 | 0.055 | −0.016, 0.127 | 0.037 | 1.057 |
| Sex | ||||||||||||
| Male | −0.499 ** | −0.876, −0.122 | 0.192 | 0.607 | -- | -- | -- | -- | −0.394 | −0.851, 0.062 | 0.233 | 0.674 |
| Female (ref) | ||||||||||||
| Marital status ^^ | ||||||||||||
| Married | -- | -- | -- | -- | −0.148 | −2.006, 1.709 | 0.948 | 0.862 | −1.930* | −3.780, −0.080 | 0.944 | 0.145 |
| Divorced | -- | -- | -- | -- | −0.830 | −4.091, 2.432 | 1.664 | 0.436 | −1.563 | −3.631, 0.505 | 1.055 | 0.210 |
| Separated | -- | -- | -- | -- | −1.655 | −4.032, 0.723 | 1.213 | 0.191 | −1.050 | −2.333, 0.233 | 0.655 | 0.350 |
| Living together as married | -- | -- | -- | -- | −0.655 | −2.530, 1.220 | 0.957 | 0.519 | −1.357 * | −2.642, −0.071 | 0.656 | 0.257 |
| Single (ref) | ||||||||||||
| Income | 0.526 | −0.153, 1.206 | 0.347 | 1.692 | 0.504 | −0.699, 1.706 | 0.614 | 1.655 | 0.001 ** | 0.000, 0.001 | <0.001 | 1.001 |
| Religiosity | 0.112 | −0.043, 0.267 | 0.079 | 1.119 | 0.123 | −0.167, 0.412 | 0.148 | 1.131 | 0.173 | −0.054, 0.401 | 0.116 | 1.1889 |
| Trust in others | ||||||||||||
| Yes | −0.874 *** | −1.265, −0.483 | 0.199 | 0.417 | −1.252 ** | −1.978, −0.526 | 0.370 | 0.286 | −0.939 *** | −1.257, −0.621 | 0.162 | 0.391 |
| Membership of an association | ||||||||||||
| Yes | −0.297 | −0.704, 0.110 | 0.208 | 0.743 | -- | -- | -- | 0.161 | −0.315, 0.637 | 0.243 | 1.175 | |
| SES | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | −0.221 ** | −0.361, −0.082 | 0.071 | 0.802 | ||
| Cultural values | 0.276 *** | 0.113, 0.439 | 0.083 | 1.318 | 0.357** | 0.065, 0.650 | 0.149 | 1.429 | 0.378 ** | 0.156, 0.601 | 0.114 | 1.459 |
| Area of residency | ||||||||||||
| Rural | -- | -- | -- | −0.025 | −0.685, 0.636 | 0.337 | 0.975 | -- | -- | -- | ||
| Urban (ref) | ||||||||||||
| Nurse Characteristics | ||||||||||||
| Practicing experience | -- | -- | -- | 0.612 ** | 0.386, 0.974 | 0.260 | 1.844 | −0.045 | −0.129, 0.038 | 0.043 | 0.956 | |
| Year of study | 0.244 * | 0.101, 0.568 | 0.094 | 1.276 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | |
| Type of nurse | ||||||||||||
| Student nurse | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | −0.577 * | −0.912, −0.384 | 0.260 | 0.562 | |||
| Practising nurse (Ref) | ||||||||||||
| Educational attainment | ||||||||||||
| Certificate in nursing | −0.461 | −2.256, 1.334 | 0.916 | 0.631 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | |
| Diploma in nursing | −0.155 | −1.914, 1.604 | 0.898 | 0.856 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | |
| Bachelor’s degree | 0.030 | −1.785, 1.844 | 0.926 | 1.030 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | |
| Masters (ref) | ||||||||||||
| Health and health system | ||||||||||||
| Health status | -- | -- | -- | 0.158 | −0.180, 0.496 | 0.173 | 1.171 | 0.147 | −0.086, 0.381 | 0.119 | 1.158 | |
| Use of curative care use | −0.236 * | −0.457, −0.015 | 0.113 | 0.790 | -- | -- | −0.146 | 0.496, −0.205 | 0.179 | 0.864 | ||
| Physical activities | 0.175 | −0.078, 0.428 | 0.129 | 1.191 | -- | -- | -- | |||||
| Nagelkerke’s R2 | 0.263 | 0.245 | 0.275 | |||||||||
Notes: * p < 0.05. ** p < 0.01. *** p < 0.001; ^ Controlled for the region of work/school; -- Variable excluded because of no initial correlation with health literacy knowledge; ^^ Widowed category was automatically excluded due to redundancy; CI = confidence interval; b Odds ratio computed using the resource provided by De Coster and Iselin [35].