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. 2020 Dec 24;10(1):37. doi: 10.3390/foods10010037

Table 1.

(A) Examples of polyphenols and phenolic extracts from plants with potential anticancer effects in vitro and in vivo. (B) Examples of the therapeutic approaches using polyphenols combined with anticancer drugs.

(A)
Polyphenols Cancer Type Type of Assay Reference
In Vitro Assay In Vivo Assay
Classes Compounds Cell-Lines Concentration * Model Effects
Anthocyanins Colorectal cancer HT-29 400 μg/mL 2 Mouse model ↓ tumour size;
↓ inflammation		 [72]
Melanoma Mouse model Inhibited tumour growth and lung metastasis. [64]
Flavanones Naringin Oesophageal cancer YMI 354 μM 1 Mouse model ↓tumour size. [68]
Flavones Hispidulin Acute myeloid leukaemia MOLM-13 6.4 μM 1 - - [62]
MV4-11 8.2 μM 1 - - [62]
Luteolin Lung carcinoma A549 25–100 μM 2 [73]
Acute myeloid leukaemia MOLM-13 4.5 μM 1 [62]
MV4-11 3.1 μM 1 [62]
Tangeretin Colorectal carcinoma HCT116 12.5 μM 2 Mouse model ↓ tumour incidence;
↓ pathological symptoms		 [74]
Flavonols Kaempferol Breast carcinoma Mouse model ↓ Tumour size [75]
Isoflavones Alpinumisoflavone Leukaemia CEM/ADR5000 5.91 μM 1 [65]
Breast carcinoma MDA-MB-231-BCRP 65.65 μM 1 [65]
Lignans Pycnanthulignene Leukaemia CEM/ADR5000 5.84 μM 1 [65]
Colon carcinoma HCT116 65.32 μM 1 [65]
Phenolic acid
Stilbenes Pterostilbene Cervical cancer TC1 15.61 μM 1 Mouse model ↓ Tumour size; [76]
Pancreatic cancer - - Mouse model Inhibited tumour growth [77]
Resveratrol Cervical cancer TC1 34.46 μM 1 Mouse model ↓ Tumour size; [76]
Melanoma B16F10, A375 and B6 40 μM 2 - - [63]
Lung cancer metastasis - Mouse model ↓ Angiogenesis;
↑ apoptosis metastatic colonies in the lungs		 [63]
Phenolic extracts from:
Cynara cardunculus L. Oral carcinoma SCC-25 184.81 μg/mL 1 - - [78]
Orange peel Oesophageal cancer YMI Mouse model ↓ Tumour size.
(B)
Compounds Type of Cancer Cancer Drug Effect Reference
Quercetin Lung cancer Paclitaxel-resistant cells Reversal of PTX resistance mitochondrial membrane potential MMP depolarization [79]
Luteolin Lung cancer TRIAL Positive effect synergetic [67]
Orange peel extract Oesophageal cancer Doxorubicin Decreased the side effects of chemotherapeutic treatment [68]

Concentration *: 1—values expressed as the concentration required for 50% inhibition of cell proliferation (IC50 values), and 2—concentration that inhibits cell proliferation; TRIAL—tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand.