| α-KG | α-ketoglutarate |
| AMPK | AMP activated protein kinase |
| ATF4 | activating transcription factor 4 |
| BMSC | bone marrow-derived stromal cell |
| CAFs | cancer-associated fibroblasts |
| CD44v | CD44 variant |
| CD98hc | CD98 heavy chain |
| CLL | chronic lymphocytic leukemia |
| EAA | essential amino acids |
| GDH | glutamate dehydrogenase |
| HIF | hypoxia-inducible factor |
| GSH | glutathione |
| HNSCC | head and neck squamous cell carcinoma |
| MCT | monocarboxylate transporter |
| microRNA | miR |
| mTOR | the mammalian target of rapamycin |
| OXPHOS | oxidative phosphorylation |
| SSZ | sulfasalazine |
| TCA cycle | tricarboxylic acid cycle |