| ADD | Attention Deficit Disorder |
| ADHD | Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder |
| ALS | Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis |
| ANN | Artificial Neural Networks |
| AR | Augmented Reality |
| ASSR | auditory steady-state response |
| BCI | Brain-Computer Interfaces |
| BCS | Brain-inspired Cognitive System |
| BOLD | blood oxygen level-dependent signals |
| BSS | Blind Source Separation |
| CNN | Convolutional Neural Network |
| CNS | central nervous system |
| CWT | Continuous Wavelet Transform |
| DC | direct current |
| DFT | Discrete Fourier Transform |
| DHT | Discrete Hartley Transform |
| DL | Deep Learning |
| DNN | Deep Neural Networks |
| DSP | digital signal processing |
| DBD | Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy |
| DWT | Discrete Wavelet Transform |
| ECG | Electrocardiography |
| EDA | electrodermal activity |
| ECoG | electrocorticography |
| EEG | electroencephalography |
| EMD | Empirical Mode Decomposition |
| EMG | electromygraphy |
| EOG | electrooculography |
| ERD | event related desynchronisation |
| ERP | event-related potentials |
| ERS | Event-Related Synchronisation |
| FES | functional electrical stimulation |
| FFT | Fast Fourier Transform |
| FHT | Fast Hartley transform |
| FL | Fuzzy Logic |
| fMRI | functional resonance imaging |
| fNIRS | functional infrared spectroscopy |
| FT | Fourier Transform |
| HMI | Human-Machine Interfaces |
| ICA | Independent Component Analysis |
| LIS | Locked-in Syndrome |
| MEG | magnetoencephalography |
| ME | motor execution |
| MI | motor imagery |
| mVEPs | motion-onset visually evoked potentials |
| NN | Neural Networks |
| PCA | Principal Component Analysis |
| PD | Parkinson’s Disease |
| PET | positron emission tomography |
| PPG | hotoplethysmography |
| RNN | Recurrent Neural Network |
| SCP | slow cortical potentials |
| sEEG | stereoencephalography |
| SG | Savitzky-Golay filter |
| SMR | sensorimotor rhythm |
| SNR | signal-to-noise ratio |
| SMA II | Spinal Muscular Atrophy type II |
| SSVEP | steady-state visual evoked potentials |
| STFT | Short-Time Fourier Transform |
| TFA | Time-Frequency Analysis |
| VR | virtual reality |
| XR | mixed reality |
| WT | Wavelet Transform |