Figure 2.

Potential neuroprotective effect of nobiletin. Nobiletin’s action mechanisms include various functions, such as antioxidant effects, anti-inflammatory effects, inhibiting Aβ production, increasing Aβ degradation, regulating gene expression through CRE-dependent transcriptional enhancement, inhibiting tau hyperphosphorylation, and regulating of synaptic plasticity. Aβ, β-amyloid; CaMKII, Ca²⁺/calmodulin–dependent protein kinase II; NEP, neprilysin; PKA, protein kinase A; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; CRE, cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element; CREB, CRE-binidng protein; NMDAR, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor; mAChR, muscarinic acetylcholine receptor; ChAT, choline acetyltransferase; AMPAR, alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor.