Table 4.
Distribution of the AMR combination among Gram-negative organisms by bacterial species and tested antimicrobial categories.
| AMR Pattern 1 | E. coli | K. pneumoniae | A. baumannii | P. aeruginosa | Others Gram-Negative Organisms 2 | Total | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 196 | (%) | N = 147 | (%) | N = 91 | (%) | N = 41 | (%) | N = 46 | (%) | N = 521 | (%) | |
| Resistance to two antimicrobial categories | ||||||||||||
| Carbapenems + Aminoglycosides | 20 | (10.2) | 53 | (36.1) | 22 | (24.2) | 4 | (9.8) | 9 | (19.6) | 108 | (20.7) |
| Carbapenems + Fluoroquinolones | 19 | (9.7) | 56 | (38.1) | 21 | (23.1) | 3 | (7.3) | 10 | (21.7) | 109 | (20.9) |
| 3rd or 4th generation cephalosporins + Aminoglycosides | 31 | (15.8) | 72 | (49) | 13 | (14.3) | 3 | (7.3) | 11 | (23.9) | 130 | (25) |
| 3rd or 4th generation cephalosporins + Fluoroquinolones | 58 | (29.6) | 84 | (57.1) | 12 | (13.2) | 5 | (12.2) | 17 | (37) | 176 | (33.8) |
| Aminoglycosides + Fluoroquinolones | 41 | (20.9) | 83 | (56.5) | 44 | (48.4) | 6 | (14.6) | 16 | (34.8) | 190 | (36.5) |
| Resistance to three antimicrobial categories | ||||||||||||
| Carbapenems + Aminoglycosides + Fluoroquinolones | 18 | (9.2) | 51 | (34.7) | 20 | (22) | 3 | (7.3) | 9 | (19.6) | 101 | (19.4) |
| 3rd or 4th generation cephalosporins + Aminoglycosides + Fluoroquinolones | 27 | (13.8) | 69 | (46.9) | 11 | (12.1) | 3 | (7.3) | 11 | (23.9) | 121 | (23.2) |
| Resistance to four antimicrobial categories | ||||||||||||
| Carbapenems + Aminoglycosides + Fluoroquinolones + Polymyxins | 3 | (1.5) | 17 | (11.6) | 1 | (1.1) | 0 | (-) | 0 | (-) | 21 | (4) |
| 3rd or 4th generation cephalosporins + Aminoglycosides + Fluoroquinolones + Polymyxins | 2 | (1) | 22 | (15) | 1 | (1.1) | 0 | (-) | 2 | (4.3) | 28 | (5.4) |
1 Resistance was defined as non-susceptibility to ≥ 1 agent in the considered antimicrobial categories. 2 Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella aerogenes, Enterobacter cloacae, Serratia marcescens.