Table 1.
Study participants’ baseline characteristics.
| Variables | Allergic Rhinitis | Non-Allergic | p-Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 51,618) | (N = 206,472) | ||||
| n | % | n | % | ||
| Gender | 1.000 | ||||
| Male | 23,736 | 46.0 | 94,944 | 46.0 | |
| Female | 27,882 | 54.0 | 111,528 | 54.0 | |
| Age (years) | 1.000 | ||||
| <30 | 24,549 | 47.6 | 98,196 | 47.6 | |
| 30–60 | 15,926 | 30.9 | 63,704 | 30.9 | |
| >60 | 11,143 | 21.6 | 44,572 | 21.6 | |
| Urbanization level | 1.000 | ||||
| 1 (City) | 17,219 | 33.4 | 68,876 | 33.4 | |
| 2 | 24,290 | 47.1 | 97,160 | 47.1 | |
| 3 | 7004 | 13.6 | 28,016 | 13.6 | |
| 4 (Villages) | 3105 | 6.0 | 12,420 | 6.0 | |
| Monthly income (NT$) | 1.000 | ||||
| 0 | 27,925 | 54.1 | 111,700 | 54.1 | |
| 1–15,840 | 5964 | 11.6 | 23,856 | 11.6 | |
| 15,841–25,000 | 10,564 | 20.5 | 42,256 | 20.5 | |
| ≥25,001 | 7165 | 13.9 | 28,660 | 13.9 | |
| Comorbidity | |||||
| Asthma | 9392 | 18.2 | 16,087 | 7.8 | <0.001 |
| COPD | 5680 | 11.0 | 11,976 | 5.8 | <0.001 |
| CRS | 5859 | 11.4 | 1997 | 1.0 | <0.001 |
| GERD | 6807 | 13.2 | 12,499 | 6.1 | <0.001 |
| NSD | 6368 | 12.3 | 1316 | 0.6 | <0.001 |
| Outcome | 6854 | 13.3 | 12,014 | 5.8 | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: NT$, New Taiwan dollar.