Figure 4.

Electrochemical detection of dithiocarbamate pesticides is facilitated by the multiple electrochemically-active moieties they possess. (A) Commonly-reported electroactive moieties of dithiocarbamates, using Propineb^® (extracted from [36]) as a general example of this class of compound. (B) Cyclic voltammograms of Mancozeb at a Boron-doped diamond electrode in phosphate buffer (extracted from [36]), showing anodic processes involving its thiol and/or amine moieties: two separate possible mechanisms behind the more positive peak are shown, one cited in [36] and that discussed by [35]. (C) Cyclic voltammogram of Ziram at a Hanging Mercury Drop Electrode in Britton–Robinson buffer, pH 2.8 (extracted from [37]. Peaks are attributed to the reversible reduction of the thiol moieties and subsequent displacement of the zinc moiety (inset, from same reference) at mercury electrodes. Reproduced from [36,37], by permission).