Table 2.
Oxidation of protein amino acid residue side chains and exemplary products.
| Amino Acid | Products |
|---|---|
| Arginine | Glutamyl semialdehyde |
| Cysteine | Cystine; sulfenic acid; sulfinic acid; sulfonic acid |
| Glutamic acid | Oxalic acid |
| Histidine | 2-oxohistidine; 4-hydroxyglutamate; aspartic acid |
| Leucine | 3-, 4-, and 5-hydroxyleucine |
| Lysine | α-aminoadipyl semialdehyde |
| Methionine | Methionine sulfoxide; methione sulfone |
| Phenylalanine | 2-, 3-, and 4-hydroxyphenylalanine; 2,3-dihydroxyphenylalanine |
| Proline | γ-glutamyl semialdehyde; 2-pyrrolidone; 4- and 5-hydroxyproline |
| Threonine | 2-amino-3-ketobutyric acid |
| Tryptophan | 2-, 4-, 5-, 6-, and 7-hydroxytryptophan; di-hydroxytryptophan, nitrotryptophan; 3-hydroxykynurenine, formalkynurenine |
| Tyrosine | Dityrosine; trityrosine; 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine |