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. 2021 Jan 5;9(1):22. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9010022

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Humoral and mucosal immune responses induced by immunization with KST0669. (A) Schematic of the mouse experiment schedule. Mice (n = 5 per group) were orally administrated 1 × 108 CFU KST0668 or KST0669 twice at 2-week intervals, and feces and sera were collected weekly for 4 weeks. (B,C) VLPFMDV-specific (B) or Salmonella LPS-specific (C) IgA in feces. VLPFMDV (2 µg/mL) and Salmonella LPS (1 µg/mL) were immobilized on 96-well plate and IgA titer was measured by ELISA. (D,E) The serum levels of VLPFMDV-specific IgG (D) and IgM (E) were measured weekly. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM per group and analyzed by two-way ANOVA followed by a post-hoc Tukey test. (F) Neutralizing activity of FMDV in sera from PBS-, KST0668-, and KST0669-vaccinated mice. Pooled sera from immunized mice (n = 5 per group) at day 14 after the last vaccination were serially diluted and incubated with FMDV followed by incubation with BHK-21 cells. Cytopathic effects of the sera were measured 72 h after incubation. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM per group and analyzed by unpaired t test. *** p < 0.005, ** p < 0.01, and * p < 0.05. α-VLP: anti-VLP.