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. 2021 Jan 5;10(1):56. doi: 10.3390/antiox10010056

Figure 9.

Figure 9

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) released from LPS-stimulated (0.1 μg/mL) RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages in the presence of increasing concentrations (0–400 μM) of compounds 1–10 (a) and NAC (N-acetyl cysteine) (0–10 mM) (b) after 24 h. Data shown are the means ± S.D. of six replicates and are expressed as the fold increase of the TNF-α released (pg/mL) from cells stimulated with 0.1 μg/mL LPS alone for 24 h (0 μM) set as 1. (a = p < 0.05 between compounds or NAC and cells exposed to LPS alone; b = p < 0.01 between compounds or NAC and cells exposed to LPS alone; c = p < 0.001 between compounds or NAC and cells exposed to LPS alone; d = p < 0.05 between compounds at the same concentration; e = p < 0.01 between compounds at the same concentration; f = p < 0.001 between compounds at the same concentration).