Table 2.

Baseline characteristics of patients and their difference in curability outcomes following ESD

Patient Parameter	All EGCs lesions (n = 162) [No. (%)]	E-curative (n = 126) [No. (%)]	Non-e-curative (n = 36) [No. (%)]	p*-value
Mean age in years (±SD)	61.10 (± 8.76)	60.37 (± 8.27)	63.67 (± 10.0)	0.046
Gender				0.472
Female	42 (25.9)	31 (24.6)	11 (30.6)
Male	120 (74.1)	95 (75.4)	25 (69.4)
Tumor location				<  0.001
Lower third	95 (58.6)	84 (66.7)	11 (30.6)
Middle or Upper third	67 (41.4)	42 (33.3)	25 (69.4)
Gross tumor type				0.002
Group 1	46 (28.4)	43 (34.1)	3 (8.3)
Group 2	116 (71.6)	83 (65.9)	33 (91.7)
Ulceration status				0.011
Absent	135 (83.3)	110 (87.3)	25 (69.4)
Present	27 (16.7)	16 (12.7)	11 (30.6)
Size of tumor				<  0.001
≤ 2 cm	111 (68.5)	98 (77.8)	13 (36.1)
>  2 cm	51 (31.5)	28 (22.2)	23 (63.9)
Differentiation				<  0.001
Differentiated	129 (79.6)	115 (91.3)	14 (38.9)
Undifferentiated	33 (20.4)	12 (9.5)	21 (60.0)
Lauren’s category				<  0.001
Intestinal	129 (79.6)	115 (91.3)	14 (38.9)
Diffuse/ Mixed	33 (20.4)	11 (8.7)	22 (61.1)
Level of tumor invasion				<  0.001
Intra-mucosal tumor	132 (81.5)	124 (98.4)	8 (22.2)
Submucosal tumor	30 (18.5)	2 (1.6)	28 (77.8)
Horizontal margin				0.010
Negative	159 (98.1)	126 (100)	33 (91.7)
Positive	3 (1.9)	0 (0.0)	3 (8.3)
Vertical margin				0.002
Negative	158 (97.5)	126 (100)	32 (88.9)
Positive	4 (2.5)	0 (0.0)	4 (11.1)
Lympho-vascular invasion				0.010
Absent	159 (98.1)	126 (100)	33 (91.7)
Present	3 (1.9)	0 (0.0)	3 (8.3)

ESD Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection, EGC Early Gastric Cancers, SD Standard Deviation, Group 1 = lesions with Protruding (0-I), Purely superficial flat (0-IIb) and Mixed variants with 0-IIb predominant, Group2 = Purely superficial elevated (0-IIa) or depressed (0-IIc) or mixed variants with either 0-IIa or 0-IIc predominant.

*Chi-squared independent test/Fisher’s exact test of probability or Student t-test as appropriate