Table 1.
Characteristics of Study Cohort, Those Who Had Suicide Attempt or Death, and Those Who Had Suicide Attempt During the Follow-up in Finnish and Swedish Individuals with Schizophrenia
| Finnish schizophrenia cohort | Swedish schizophrenia cohort | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All N = 61 889 % (n) |
With suicide attempt/death n = 4315 % (n) |
With suicide attempt n = 3135 % (n) |
All n = 29 823 % (n) |
With suicide attempt/death n = 2203 % (n) |
With suicide attempt n = 1793 % (n) |
|
| At the beginning of follow-upa | ||||||
| Age, mean (SD) | 46.2 (16.0) | 37.3 (12.5) | 36.3 (12.1) | 44.9 (12.0) | 40.0 (12.5) | 39.2 (12.6) |
| Male gender | 50.3 | 42.3 | 47.0 | 57.0 | 51.7 | 47.9 |
| Time (years) since first schizophrenia diagnoses | ||||||
| ≤1 | 38.1 | 48.4 | 50.2 | 34.0 | 43.4 | 45.2 |
| 1–5 | 9.0 | 12.4 | 12.2 | 14.9 | 16.7 | 16.2 |
| >5 | 52.9 | 39.2 | 37.6 | 51.0 | 40.0 | 38.5 |
| The number of previous psychiatric hospitalizations | ||||||
| 0–1 | 48.8 | 40.4 | 39.9 | 31.4 | 33.7 | 34.8 |
| 2–3 | 27.1 | 30.4 | 30.1 | 18.9 | 17.8 | 17.2 |
| ≥4 | 24.1 | 29.2 | 30.0 | 49.7 | 48.5 | 48.0 |
| Previous suicide attempt | 9.1 | 28.1 | 30.9 | 9.1 | 31.2 | 34.7 |
| Substance abuse | 14.6 | 31.2 | 33.7 | 22.3 | 42.7 | 44.3 |
| Prior use of LAI | 16.1 | 15.6 | 15.8 | 24.1 | 25.5 | 25.3 |
| Prior use of clozapine | 6.7 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 12.1 | 9.9 | 9.7 |
| Antidepressant use | 23.7 | 41.9 | 44.5 | 34.0 | 49.7 | 52.3 |
| Benzodiazepine and related drug use | 31.6 | 47.1 | 48.2 | 46.9 | 62.4 | 64.0 |
| Mood stabilizer use | 7.1 | 12.4 | 14.2 | 10.2 | 16.3 | 18.0 |
| Lithium use | 5.0 | 7.9 | 8.7 | 8.2 | 11.6 | 11.9 |
| During the follow-upb | ||||||
| The number of psychiatric hospitalizations | ||||||
| 0–1 | 53.1 | 33.1 | 23.4 | 63.4 | 35.5 | 29.0 |
| 2–3 | 16.0 | 14.1 | 13.3 | 63.4 | 18.5 | 18.4 |
| ≥4 | 30.8 | 52.8 | 63.4 | 21.9 | 46.1 | 52.6 |
| Suicide attempt | 5.1 | 72.6 | 100.0 | 6.0 | 81.4 | 100.0 |
| Substance abuse | 12.3 | 35.2 | 41.9 | 14.4 | 42.3 | 46.6 |
| Clozapine use | 22.8 | 30.3 | 35.6 | 19.4 | 22.5 | 24.4 |
| Antidepressant use | 49.6 | 73.3 | 81.0 | 52.6 | 73.9 | 79.7 |
| Benzodiazepine and related drug use | 63.5 | 81.9 | 88.5 | 70.8 | 86.9 | 90.4 |
| Mood stabilizer use | 24.6 | 42.3 | 50.8 | 22.0 | 38.1 | 43.7 |
| Lithium use | 9.5 | 17.2 | 20.7 | 13.1 | 23.4 | 25.8 |
Note: LAI, long-acting injectable antipsychotics.
aDuring 1 year before start of follow-up.
bDuring the entire follow-up period.