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. 2021 Jan 21;9(1):e001481. doi: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001481

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© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

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In vivo PD-L1 expression and combined therapy with FIC-PDT, ripasudil, and anti-PD-L1 antibody. (A) PD-L1 expression of CD11b⁺ cells in TME assessed by flow cytometry (n=3 per group) (B) Treatment schedule of FIC-PDT, ripasudil and α-PD-L1 antibody. (C) Tumor growth curves (n=8–10 per group) and (D) survival curves (n=5–7 per group) in B16F10 tumor-bearing mice after various treatments. (E) Tumor-infiltrating CD8⁺ T cells in tumor under fluorescent microscope (n=4 per group). One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s posthoc test was used for statistical analysis; *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001. Data are presented as the mean±SEM. Survival was determined using the log‐rank test. ANOVA, analysis of variance; FIC-PDT, PDT with Ce6-embedded nanophotosensitizer; PDT, photodynamic therapy; TME, tumor microenvironment.