Table 1.
Sociodemographic characteristics of subjects associated with hypertension.
| Demographics | Overall | NHG a | HG b | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gendern (%) | ||||
| Male | 102 (27.13) | 25 (21.55) | 77 (29.62) | 0.100 c |
| Female | 274 (72.87) | 91 (78.45) | 183 (70.38) | |
| Age (Mean ± SD) | 59.69 ± 11.71 | 56.96 ± 12.35 | 60.91 ± 11.22 | 0.002 d,** |
| Elderly (y ≥ 60) n (%) | ||||
| years ≥ 60 | 210 (55.85) | 52 (44.83) | 158 (60.77) | 0.004 c,** |
| years < 60 | 166 (44.15) | 64 (55.17) | 102 (39.23) | |
| Marriedn (%) | ||||
| No | 144 (38.30) | 57 (49.14) | 87 (33.46) | 0.004 c,** |
| Yes | 232 (61.70) | 59 (50.86) | 173 (66.54) | |
| Educationn (%) | ||||
| Junior high school level or above | 103 (27.39) | 38 (32.76) | 65 (25.00) | 0.119 c |
| Less than junior high school | 273 (72.61) | 78 (67.24) | 195 (75.00) | |
| Exercisen (%) | ||||
| No exercise | 256 (68.09) | 72 (62.07) | 184 (70.77) | 0.095 c |
| Regular exercise | 120 (31.91) | 44 (37.93) | 76 (29.23) | |
| High Blood Pressure in Family Historyn (%) | ||||
| No | 194 (51.60) | 72 (62.07) | 122 (46.92) | 0.007 c,** |
| Yes | 182 (48.40) | 44 (37.93) | 138 (53.08) | |
| Body Mass Index (BMI)e (Mean ± SD) | 24.32 ± 4.60 | 23.29 ± 3.68 | 25.05 ± 5.04 | <0.001 d,** |
| Underweight/Normal (BMI < 23) n (%) | 147 (39.10) | 60 (51.72) | 87 (33.46) | <0.001 c,** |
| Overweight (23 ≤ BMI < 27.5) n (%) | 157 (41.75) | 46 (39.66) | 111 (42.69) | |
| Obese (BMI ≥ 27.5) e n (%) | 72 (19.15) | 10 (8.62) | 62 (23.85) | |
| Total Observation | 376 | 116 (30.85) | 260 (69.15) |
a NHG (Non-Hypertensive Group): Systolic BP < 130 and Diastolic BP < 80. b HG (Hypertensive Group): Systolic BP ≥ 130 or Diastolic BP ≥ 80. c Chi-square test for differences between NHG and HG d Two-sample t-test for differences between NHG and HG e The BMI criteria used in this study was based on a recommended BMI cut-off point for determining overweight and obesity in Asian populations (WHO Expert Consultation, 2004); ** statistically significant for p ≤ 0.01.