Table 1.
The associations between socio-demographic parameters and hypertension diagnosis among the study population and among the age-, sex- and smoking-matched sub-population.
| Parameter | Variable | Hypertension (N = 3363) No.(%) | Comparison to Those without Hypertension among the Whole Study Population (N = 129,166) | Comparison to Age-, Sex- and Smoking-Matched Group without Hypertension (N = 10,089) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Without Hypertension No. (%) | p Value | OR (95% Confidence Interval) # | Without Hypertension No. (%) | p Value | OR (95% Confidence Interval) # | |||
| Sex | Men | 3008 (3.0) | 96,458 (97.0) | <0.001 * | 2.8 (2.5–3.2) | 9024 (75.0) | 1.0 * | 1.0 (0.8–1.1) |
| Women | 355 (1.1) | 32,708 (98.9) | 1 | 1065 (75.0) | 1 | |||
| Education | High school | 1683 (1.5) | 110,429 (98.5) | <0.001 ^ | 0.2 (0.1–0.3) | 5617 (76.9) | <0.001 ^ | 0.9 (0.82–0.99) |
| Technicians | 727 (9.8) | 6699 (90.2) | 1.3 (1.2–1.5) | 1593 (68.7) | 1.3 (1.2–1.5) | |||
| Academic | 950 (7.4) | 11,866 (92.6) | 1 | 2866 (75.1) | 1 | |||
| Locality of residence | Urban Jewish | 2960 (2.6) | 110,508 (97.4) | <0.001 ^ | 0.3 (0.2–0.4) | 8497 (74.2) | <0.001 ^ | 1.1 (0.8–1. 6) |
| Urban non-Jewish | 339 (1.9) | 17,579 (98.1) | 0.2 (0.1–0.3) | 1372 (80.2) | 0.8 (0.6–1.1) | |||
| Rural | 48 (8.2) | 535 (91.8) | 1 | 173 (77.3) | 1 | |||
| Socioeconomic status (SES) | Low | 143 (2.5) | 5576 (97.5) | <0.001 ^ | 1.0 (0.8–1.2) | 542 (79.1) | 0.012 ^ | 1.2 (1.1–1.6) |
| Medium | 1794 (2.6) | 66,825 (97.4) | 1.1 (1.0–1.2) | 5165 (74.2) | 1.06 (0.98–1.15) | |||
| High | 1357 (2.4) | 55,350 (97.6) | 1 | 4155 (75.4) | 1 | |||
| Rings of a city/town | Central rings | 2945 (2.5) | 115,505 (97.5) | 0.001 * | 1 | 9035 (75.4) | 0.001 * | 1 |
| Peripheral rings | 418 (3.0) | 13,661 (97.0) | 1.2 (1.1–1.3) | 1054 (71.6) | 1.21 (1.07–1.37) | |||
| Birth country | Western Europe | 486 (4.6) | 10,085 (95.4) | 0.001 ^ | 1.9 (1.8–2.2) | 809 (62.5) | 0.001 ^ | 1.9 (1.7–2.1) |
| East Europe and FSU | 48 (2.8) | 1667 (97.2) | 1.1 (0.8–1.2) | 119 (71.3) | 1.3 (0.9–1.8) | |||
| Asia | 27 (5.3) | 482 (94.7) | 2.3 (1.6–3.3) | 59 (68.6) | 1.5 (0.9–2.3) | |||
| Ethiopia | 29 (1.3) | 2159 (98.7) | 0.5 (0.4–0.8) | 158 (84.5) | 0.6 (0.4–0.8) | |||
| Africa | 18 (5.2) | 327 (94.8) | 2.2 (1.4–3.6) | 45 (71.4) | 1.3 (0.7–2.2) | |||
| North America | 35 (1.2) | 2824 (98.8) | 0.5 (0.3–0.7) | 149 (81.0) | 0.7 (0.52–1.09) | |||
| South America | 25 (2.6) | 932 (97.4) | 1.1 (0.7–1.6) | 68 (73.1) | 1.2 (0.7–1.8) | |||
| Israel | 2693 (2.4) | 110,666 (97.6) | 1 | 8680 (76.3) | 1 | |||
| Parameter | Hypertension Diagnosis | Comparison to Those without Hypertension Using the Whole Study Population (N = 129,166) | Comparison to Age-, Sex- and Smoking-Matched Group without Hypertension (N = 10,089) | |||||
| Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | p Value ^^ | OR (95% Confidence Interval) ** | Mean ± SD | p Value ^^ | OR (95% Confidence Interval) ** | ||
| Age (years) | 29.5 ± 9.8 | 21.7 ± 5.7 | <0.001 | 1.1 (1.1–1.1) | 29.3 ± 9.6 | 1.0 | 1.0 (0.92–1.01) | |
| Service duration (years) | 11.1 ± 11.1 | 2.9 ± 5.9 | <0.001 | 1.1 (1.1–1.1) | 10.9 ± 10.7 | 0.93 | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | |
* Pearson Chi-Square; ^ likelihood ratio; # binary logistic regression; ** generalized linear models; ^^ non-paired t-test. OR: Odds ratio; FSU: Former soviet union; SD: standard deviation.