Table 2.
Descriptive statistics and correlations among study variables.
| Variables | Mean | SD | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Individual-level | |||||||||||
| 1. Age | 1.350 | 0.478 | — | ||||||||
| 2. Gender | 32.650 | 6.921 | −0.100 * | — | |||||||
| 3. Education level | 2.900 | 0.772 | 0.092 * | −0.205 *** | — | ||||||
| 4. Organizational tenure | 4.323 | 4.857 | 0.022 | 0.487 *** | −0.401 *** | — | |||||
| 5. Proactive personality | 3.754 | 0.629 | −0.141 *** | −0.082 * | −0.028 | −0.048 | — | ||||
| 6. Autonomous motivation | 3.784 | 0.798 | −0.130 ** | −0.066 | 0.037 | 0.000 | 0.584 *** | — | |||
| 7. Job crafting | 3.955 | 0.543 | −0.071 | −0.112 ** | 0.000 | −0.050 | 0.711 *** | 0.756 *** | — | ||
| Organizational-level | |||||||||||
| 8. HPWS | 3.882 | 0.314 | −0.069 | 0.151 *** | −0.021 | 0.084 * | 0.100 * | 0.233 *** | 0.183 *** | — | |
| 9. Initiative climate | 3.551 | 0.389 | 0.003 | 0.238 *** | −0.313 *** | 0.339 *** | −0.005 | 0.034 | 0.090 * | 0.488 *** | — |
Note: For individual-level, n = 615; for organizational-level, N = 54. HPWS = high-performance work system. * p < 0.05. ** p < 0.01. *** p < 0.001.