Table 3.
Occurrence and content of quinonoid pigments in the shells of sea urchins.
| Family Species |
Content of Main Spinochromes, % of Pigment Sum | Other Pigments, % | Total PHNQ Content, µg/g | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ech A (16) | A (17) | B (4) | C (10) | D (3) | E (1) | |||
| REGULAR SEA URCHINS | ||||||||
| Order Camarodonta | ||||||||
|
Strongylocentrotidae
Mesocentrotus nudus |
21.0 ± 3.7 | 10.5 ± 2.2 | 2.1 ± 0.3 | 3.5 ± 2.2 | 2.1 ± 0.6 | 54.2 ± 13.1 | 2 (2.2 ± 1.8), 18 (4.4 ± 3.5) | 89.9 ± 13.3 |
| Strongylocentrotus intermedius | 3.3 ± 0.3 | 4.0 ± 1.3 | 9.2 ± 1.5 | 16.5 ± 5.7 | 3.1 ± 1.6 | 9 (3.9 ± 0.6), 11 (51.3 ± 7.7), 18 (8.8 ± 5.2) | 175.7 ± 11.3 | |
|
Toxopneustidae
Toxopneustes pileolus |
79.5 ± 5.3 | 3.7 ± 0.2 | 4.8 ± 1.7 | 6.4 ± 2.1 | 14 (5.6 ± 2.2) | 90.2 ± 7.3 | ||
| Tripneustes gratilla | 26.1 ± 4.3 | 67.2 ± 11.8 | 2 (4.7 ± 2.1), 7 (2.0 ± 1.8) | 93.3 ± 6.8 | ||||
| Order Cidaroida | ||||||||
|
Cidaridae
Phyllacanthus imperialis |
74.7 ± 5.7 | 23.1 ± 3.8 | 8 (3.2 ± 0.2) | 87.3 ± 5.5 | ||||
| Order Diadematoida | ||||||||
|
Diadematidae
Diadema savignyi |
80.2 ± 6.9 | 1.1 ± 0.7 | 3.5 ± 2.2 | 5 (3.3 ± 0.3), 11 (2.9 ± 2.5), 12 (3.0 ± 0.9) 20 (3.4 ± 0.1), 22 (2.6 ± 0.2) |
1129.9 ± 63.8 | |||
| Diadema setosum | 92.1 ± 4.2 | 3.8 ± 2.2 | 20 (4.1 ± 0.3) | 1267.1 ± 88.1 | ||||
| Echinothrix calamaris | 65.3 ± 9.6 | 6.2 ± 1.2 | 13.9 ± 3.7 | 11 (2.9 ± 1.9), 13 (3.5 ± 0.3), 14 (8.2 ± 0.3) | 138.8 ± 7.3 | |||
| Echinothrix diadema | 39.9 ± 11.3 | 9.7 ± 2.9 | 7.4 ± 1.5 | 5 (1.7 ± 1.5), 11 (36.9 ± 8.8), 12 (1.4 ± 0.3), 15 (3.0 ± 1.4) |
116.6 ± 5.9 | |||
| Order Stomopneustoida | ||||||||
|
Stomopneustidae
Stomopneustes variolaris |
81.4 ± 9.1 | 10.3 ± 6.8 | 5 (9.3 ± 0.8) | 66.7 ± 5.1 | ||||
| IRREGULAR SEA URCHINS | ||||||||
| Order Clypeasteroida | ||||||||
|
Echinarachniidae
Echinarachnius parma |
14.6 ± 5.2 | 13.3 ± 1.9 | 1.3 ± 0.7 | 9 (3.0 ± 1.3), 11 (61.7 ± 18.0), 18 (6.1 ± 0.6) | 116.6 ± 7.4 | |||
|
Laganidae
Laganum decagonale |
32.4 ± 7.3 | 28.3 ± 8.1 | 11.7 ± 4.7 | 27.6 ± 4.3 | 27.9 ± 8.8 | |||
|
Scutellidae
Scaphechinus mirabilis |
89.1 ± 8.7 | 1.8 ± 0.9 | 9 (2.0 ± 0.2), 11 (2.3 ± 1.1), 14 (1.8 ± 0.4), 19 (1.1 ± 0.1), 21 (1.9 ± 0.1), |
1525.9 ± 93.4 | ||||
| Scaphechinus griseus | 28.6 ± 12.1 | 18.3 ± 6.2 | 4.3 ± 0.4 | 11 (45.5 ± 13.4), 14 (3.3 ± 0.3) | 87.3 ± 5.5 | |||
| Order Spatangoida | ||||||||
|
Loveniidae
Echinocardium cordatum |
78.1 ± 6.7 | 1.7 ± 0.2 | 20.2 ± 10.9 | 37.8 ± 6.8 | ||||
|
Maretiidae
Maretia planulata |
94.3 ± 5.4 | 5.7 ± 0.9 | 42.6 ± 3.7 | |||||