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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) penetrates cells by binding of the peak viral protein (spike; S) to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2). ACE-2 converts angiotensin (Ang)-II to Ang 1–7. The latter have opposite biological actions to Ang-II (i.e., antifibrotic, antioxidant, and antihypertrophic effects) through stimulation of Mas receptor (MasR).
