Table 2.
QMRA model input parameters.
| Parameter | Unit | Distribution | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cumulative cases of COVID-19 served by WWTP A (Pi) | Person | Beta (α1 = 0.59204, α2 = 0.75091) | This study |
| Cumulative cases of COVID-19 served by WWTP B (Pi) | Person | Beta (α1 = 0.59197, α2 = 0.85633) | This study |
| Shedding duration (Shd) | D | PERT (Min = 1, Mode = 8, Max39) | (Wu et al., 2020) |
| Shedding rate (Shc) | Copies per g feces | Uniform (Min = 6.3 × 105, Max = 1.3 × 108) | Kitajima et al. (2020) |
| Daily fecal production (F) | g person−1 d−1 | Normal (Mean = 243, SD = 130.2) | Rose et al. (2015) |
| Flow rate of WWTP A (Q) | m3 d−1 | Point (125,544) | This study |
| Flow rate of WWTP B (Q) | m3 d−1 | Point (229,785) | This study |
| Conversion factor (CF) | Copies TCID50−1 | Uniform (Min = 29, Max = 700) | (Kim et al., 2020; Mcbride et al., 2013) |
| Positive Rate (PR) | Percent | Beta (α1 = 2.1173, α2 = 1.8117) | Kitajima et al. (2020) |
| Microbial water-to-air partitioning coefficient (PCwa) | L m−3 | Uniform (Min = 10−4, Max = 10−5) | This study |
| Inhalation rate (IR) | m3 min−1 | Point (2.9 × 10−2) | (USEPA, 2011) |
| Exposure time (texp) | h | Point (8) | (USEPA, 2011) |
| Parameter for the exponential model; disease as endpoint response (k) death as endpoint response (k) |
Point (5.39 × 10−2) Point (2.46 × 10−3) |
Watanabe et al. (2010) |