Fig. 3.

Violent Crime around the Pandemic Onset. Note: Each panel combines data from 23 cities (15 for shootings) to show a time series of violent crime incidents per 100,000 residents from 7 weeks before to 7 weeks after the stay-at-home order issued in a city. In order to account for varied timing in pandemic onset, each line combines the data such that time zero (red vertical line) is when the stay-at-home order was issued in a city. The black line is 2020 data; the grey lines show the same time period but for years 2015 – 2019. Panel a reports homicide rate, panel b reports shooting incidents, and panel c reports robbery. Data source: city police departments. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)