Biofunctionalization of PEG hydrogels using PDL-mediated protein adsorption and subsequent seeding with IEOs. PEG hydrogels with pendant norbornene groups are synthesized by reacting off-stoichiometric ratios of 8-arm PEG-Norbornene (PEG-8N) and 8-arm PEG-Thiol (PEG-8SH, also termed PEG-8T in the text). Thiolated PDL (PDL-T) is covalently anchored to the PEG hydrogel surface, and then unmodified ECM proteins are adsorbed before seeding with dissociated IEOs. IEO, intestinal epithelial organoid; PEG, poly(ethylene glycol); PDL, poly(D-lysine); ECM, extracellular matrix. Color images are available online.