Figure 7.

Schematic representation of the molecular mechanism in the suppression of ovarian cancer malignancy by lidocaine. Ovarian cancer cells expressing high Na_V1.5 level present strong capacity of intraperitoneally implanted metastasis. Lidocaine binding with Na_V1.5 blocks the activation of FAK/Paxillin signaling pathway, inhibits the proliferation and metastasis, and decreases cisplatin resistance of ovarian cancer cells. The voltage‐gated sodium channels (VGSCs) blocker, tetrodotoxin (TTX), or FAK inhibitor (FAKi) reduces ovarian cancer malignancy by inactivating FAK/Paxillin signaling pathway