FIGURE 6.

Periplocin regulated the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathways in pancreatic cancer. A and B, Gene ontology (GO) biological process and KEGG pathways analysis based on the RNA‐seq results for control versus Periplocin in PANC1 cells. p‐value was corrected by FDR, and the FDR <0.01 was considered significantly enriched. C, The hierarchical clustering of targets in the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway depicted as a heat map. Downregulated genes are shown in blue and upregulated genes in red. D and E, Western blot analysis showed the expression changes of critical molecules in the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway in PANC1 and CFPAC1 cells. F, Proposed mechanism of periplocin‐induced apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. Periplocin inhibits mTOR signaling by activating the AMPK signaling pathway, thus, inhibiting s6 k and exerting anti‐tumor effects