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. 2021 Jan 8;11(1):77. doi: 10.3390/brainsci11010077

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Astrocyte-derived TGFβ1 enhanced brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) barrier function. (A) The human brain microvascular endothelial cells (hBMECs) mono-culture and co-culture model with U251. (B) Comparison of trans-endothelial electrical resistance (TEER) values of the hBMECs under both culture conditions. ** p < 0.01. (C) The expression of TJ proteins ZO-1 and occludin in hBMECs under both culture conditions via qPCR and Western blot. ** p < 0.01. (D) Effects of TGFβ1 blocking (with TGFβ1 neutralizing antibody at 10 μg/mL and with inhibitor SD208 at 10 μM) on the TEER values of hBMECs with co-culture. ** p < 0.01.