Table 6.

Summary of personal skills recommended for new faculty, early career faculty, and underrepresented minority faculty.

[Ref.] Study Author(s) (Year)	Study Characteristics a	Accountability (n = 17)	Career Planning (n = 14)	Leadership (n = 4)
[47] Buist et al. (2017)	D, NI, ESI			x
[48] Byington et al. (2016)	D, NI, ESI, RO	x
[54] Doyle et al. (2019)	LR, NI, ESI	x
[56] Efstanthiou et al. (2018)	MM, NI, ESI	x
[57] Espino and Zambrana (2019)	MM, NI, ESI, UMF, RO	x
[59] Feldman et al. (2010)	D, QT, NI, ESI, RO		x
[61] Flores et al. (2020)	D, NI, ESI, UMF	x	x
[62] Flores et al. (2019)	D, NI, ESI, UMF	x	x
[63] Harawa et al. (2017)	MM, NI, ESI, UMF	x
[65] Jean-Louis et al. (2016)	MM, NI, ESI, UMF		x
[66] Mancusco et al. (2019)	QL, NI, ESI	x	x
[67] Manson (2016)	E, ESI	x
[68] Martina et al. (2014)	D, NI, ESI	x	x
[69] Masterson et al. (2019)	QT, NI, ESI		x	x
[72] Pfund et al. (2016)	LR, NI, ESI, UMF		x
[73] Redmond (2020)	P, NI, ESI	x	x
[74] Shea et al. (2011)	D, MM, NI, ESI	x
[76] Snyder-Mackler (2015)	P, NI, ESI	x	x
[78] Stamatakis et al. (2013)	D, QT, NI, ESI	x
[79] Stoff (2019)	E, NI, ESI, UMF		x	x
[84] Varkey et al. (2012)	QT, NI, ESI	x	x
[86] Vermund et al. (2018)	QT, NI, ESI, UMF	x	x	x
[87] Vishwanatha and Jones (2018)	MM, D, NI, ESI, UMF, MSI	x	x

^aType of study: D = descriptive, E = essay or editorial, LR = literature review, MM = mixed-methods research (qualitative and quantitative), P = presentation, QL = qualitative research, and QT = quantitative research. Study participants: ESI = focus of study primarily on early-stage investigator, NI = focus of study primarily on new investigator, and UMF = focus of study primarily on underrepresented minority faculty. Institution type: MSI = minority serving institution (includes historically Black colleges and universities), RO = research-oriented, and PA = partnership between MSI and RO college or university.