Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of the subjects (N = 61).
| Variable | Control (n = 30) Mean ± SD | Intervention (n = 31) Mean ± SD | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 25.6 ± 9.9 | 28.3 ± 11.8 | 0.452 |
| Weight (kg) | 91.7 ± 20.8 | 92.1 ± 17.4 | 0.948 |
| Height (cm) | 168.3 ± 11.6 | 164.3 ± 7.5 | 0.163 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 31.9 ± 4.7 | 34.1 ± 5.9 | 0.174 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 100.5 ± 16.1 | 101.2 ± 12.7 | 0.867 |
| Body Fat (%) | 39.7 ± 8.4 | 43.7 ± 7.6 | 0.088 |
| Fat free mass (kg) | 53.8 ± 14.5 | 50.9 ± 9.4 | 0.382 |
| Systolic Blood Pressure (mm Hg) | 114.8 ± 16.4 | 118.3 ± 17.0 | 0.482 |
| Diastolic Blood Pressure (mm Hg) | 75.8 ± 9.9 | 81.1 ± 9.2 | 0.066 |
| Physical Activity Levels | |||
| Vigorous (min/week) | 11.1 ± 3.0 | 14.4 ± 3.2 | 0.683 |
| Moderate (min/week) | 59.4 ± 5.7 | 62.1 ± 8.9 | 0.117 |
| Light (min/week) | 190.2 ± 13.1 | 193.5 ± 3.2 | 0.939 |
| Sedentary Activity (h/day) | 9.20 ± 0.4 | 10.5 ± 0.35 | 0.155 |
| Nutritional Intake | |||
| Energy (kcal) | 2142 ± 551.8 | 2036.9 ± 601.5 | 0.534 |
| Carbohydrate (g) | 256 ± 57.7 | 239.4 ± 84.3 | 0.446 |
| Fat (g) | 82.2 ± 34.1 | 80.5 ± 30.7 | 0.852 |
| Protein (g) | 81.7 ± 28.9 | 86.9 ± 38.4 | 0.609 |
| Dietary fiber (g) | 15.0 ± 9.8 | 17.1 ± 15.2 | 0.648 |
| Biochemical Parameters | |||
| HbA1c (%) | 6.1 ± 0.9 | 6.0 ± 1.7 | 0.763 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 101.5 ± 14.0 | 105.6 ± 36.0 | 0.635 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 94.7 ± 41.6 | 100.9 ± 53.9 | 0.661 |
| Total Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 150.7 ± 34.3 | 157.9 ± 28.2 | 0.413 |
| LDLC (mg/dL) | 2.5 ± 0.9 | 2.50 ± 0.7 | 0.926 |
| HDLC (mg/dL) | 46.3 ± 12.1 | 45.1 ± 12.1 | 0.747 |