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. 2021 Jan 8;22(2):578. doi: 10.3390/ijms22020578

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Schematic overview of the experimental design providing the in vitro maturation (IVM) details, by supplementing IVM medium with extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from follicular fluid (FF) (with a protein concentration of 12.5 µg/mL) and ampullary oviductal fluid (AOF) (with a protein concentration of 1.7 µg/mL) by two different isolation protocols: single-step size exclusion chromatography (SEC) (qEV IZON™ single column) and OptiPrep™ density gradient ultracentrifugation (ODG UC). Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were distributed into eight different groups for maturation, followed by in vitro fertilization (IVF) and in vitro culture until day 8. Follicular fluid-derived EVs either by the qEV IZON^TM single column method or OptiPrep^TM density gradient ultracentrifugation method are represented as FF EVs SEC and FF EVs ODG UC, respectively. Ampullary oviductal fluid-derived extracellular vesicles, either by the qEV IZON™ single column method or OptiPrep^TM density gradient ultracentrifugation method, are referred to as AOF EVs SEC and AOF EVs ODG UC, respectively.