Table 2.
Descriptive statistics of all variables.
| Urban (n = 1061) | Rural (n = 712) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Mean | S.D. | Min. | Max. | Mean | S.D. | Min. | Max. |
| Outcome | ||||||||
| Self-rate health | 2.011 | 0.685 | 1.000 | 3.000 | 1.901 | 0.733 | 1.000 | 3.000 |
| Predictors | ||||||||
| Coverage of waterbody in 1 km | 0.035 | 0.072 | 0.000 | 0.380 | 0.010 | 0.048 | 0.000 | 0.460 |
| Coverage of vegetation in 1 km | 0.339 | 0.273 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.830 | 0.245 | 0.064 | 0.999 |
| The nearest distance to park (m) | 3167 | 7144 | 19 | 45,649 | ||||
| The nearest distance to waterbody (m) | 2944 | 4595 | 1 | 48,240 | 8135 | 8652 | 1 | 44,417 |
| Nearest distance to river (m) | 4497 | 6126 | 28 | 29,731 | 9138 | 7548 | 25 | 38,546 |
| Within 0–0.3 km of park | 0.237 | 0.425 | 0.000 | 1.000 | ||||
| Within 0.3–0.5 km of park | 0.171 | 0.377 | 0.000 | 1.000 | ||||
| Within 0.5–1 km of park | 0.259 | 0.438 | 0.000 | 1.000 | ||||
| Within 0–0.3 km of waterbody | 0.134 | 0.341 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.018 | 0.134 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| Within 0.3–0.5 km of waterbody | 0.069 | 0.254 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.041 | 0.197 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| Within 0.5–1 km of waterbody | 0.194 | 0.395 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.025 | 0.157 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| Within 0–0.3 km of river | 0.065 | 0.246 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.040 | 0.197 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| Within 0.3–0.5 km of river | 0.033 | 0.180 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.014 | 0.118 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| Within 0.5–1 km of river | 0.135 | 0.342 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.032 | 0.177 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| Within 1 km of coastline | 0.001 | 0.030 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Within 1–5 km of coastline | 0.071 | 0.257 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.007 | 0.083 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| Within 5 km of lake | 0.003 | 0.053 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.027 | 0.161 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| Covariates | ||||||||
| Demographical information | ||||||||
| Age | 69.5 | 7.3 | 60 | 92 | 68.5 | 7.0 | 60 | 101 |
| Gender (1 = male, 0 = female) | 0.469 | 0.499 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.513 | 0.500 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| Ethnic group (1 = Han, 0 = other) | 0.948 | 0.222 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.885 | 0.319 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| Marriage (1 = married, 0 = single) | 0.994 | 0.080 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.985 | 0.123 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| Local Hukou (1 = local, 0 = migrant) | 0.783 | 0.412 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.966 | 0.180 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| Number of person(s) in household | 4 | 2 | 1 | 21 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 21 |
| Living alone (1 = yes, 0 = no) | 0.631 | 0.483 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.624 | 0.485 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| Occupation (1 = yes, 0 = no) | ||||||||
| Employed | 0.149 | 0.356 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.628 | 0.484 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| Not able to work | 0.122 | 0.328 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.273 | 0.446 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| Retired | 0.604 | 0.489 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.052 | 0.222 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| Homemaker | 0.056 | 0.229 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.020 | 0.139 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| Income level (1 = yes, 0 = no) | ||||||||
| <5000 CNY | 0.156 | 0.363 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.552 | 0.498 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| 5000–15,000 CNY | 0.181 | 0.385 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.232 | 0.423 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| 15,000–30,000 CNY | 0.407 | 0.492 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.091 | 0.288 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| >30,000 CNY | 0.156 | 0.363 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.017 | 0.129 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| No answer | 0.100 | 0.300 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.108 | 0.310 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| Education level (1 = yes, 0 = no) | ||||||||
| Below elementary school (lowest) | 0.189 | 0.392 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.407 | 0.492 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| Elementary school | 0.287 | 0.453 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.434 | 0.496 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| Middle school | 0.240 | 0.427 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.130 | 0.337 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| High school | 0.083 | 0.277 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.007 | 0.083 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| Technical secondary school | 0.083 | 0.277 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.014 | 0.118 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| Technical Junior college | 0.005 | 0.068 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.003 | 0.053 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| Junior college | 0.061 | 0.240 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.004 | 0.065 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| College | 0.051 | 0.220 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.001 | 0.037 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| Graduate (highest) | 0.001 | 0.030 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Assets | ||||||||
| Pension benefit (1 = yes, 0 = no) | 0.681 | 0.466 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.376 | 0.485 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| Medical insurance (1 = yes, 0 = no) | 0.881 | 0.324 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.910 | 0.286 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| Owns car (1 = yes, 0 = no) | 0.074 | 0.262 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 0.035 | 0.184 | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| Owns housing property | 1.062 | 0.549 | 0.000 | 5.000 | 1.136 | 0.467 | 0.000 | 6.000 |
| Environmental features | ||||||||
| The nearest distance to road (m) | 1843.3 | 2237.9 | 7.0 | 22,037.6 | 5365.6 | 4831.9 | 7.7 | 23,496.0 |
| GDP per km2 (10,000 CNY) | 11,660.4 | 10,720.8 | 0.0 | 50,051.8 | 1844.5 | 4081.1 | 0.0 | 26,769.4 |
| Number of person(s) per km2 | 10,707.6 | 10,187.3 | 0.0 | 41,878.0 | 638.2 | 1164.4 | 0.0 | 14,839.0 |