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High concentrations of C. aurantium L. essential oil reduced human gingival epithelial cell viability. Cells were seeded and grow for 48 h prior to their exposure to the EO (Panel A) or the EO vapor (Panel B). After 48 h, the culture medium was refreshed and supplemented with various concentrations of the EO, and the cells were incubated for 24 h. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.
