Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population.
| Characteristics | 2012 | 2017 | p | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % | N | % | |||
| Age (years) | ns | |||||
| ≤25 | 543 | 19.2 | 656 | 19.2 | ||
| 26–30 | 974 | 34.5 | 1177 | 34.5 | ||
| Over 30 | 1307 | 46.3 | 1580 | 46.3 | ||
| Education | ns | |||||
| Primary | 167 | 6.1 | 187 | 5.6 | ||
| Secondary | 1240 | 45.1 | 1431 | 43.1 | ||
| Tertiary | 1341 | 48.8 | 1704 | 51.3 | ||
| Place of residence (inhabitants) | ns | |||||
| City (≥100,000) | 725 | 25.8 | 804 | 24.1 | ||
| Town/city (<100,000) | 977 | 34.8 | 1154 | 34.7 | ||
| Rural area | 1103 | 39.3 | 1373 | 41.2 | ||
| Social conditions | <0.05 | |||||
| Very good | 735 | 26.0 | 1295 | 37.8 | ||
| Good | 1610 | 57.0 | 1821 | 53.2 | ||
| Average/poor | 478 | 16.9 | 308 | 9.0 | ||
| Economic status | <0.05 | |||||
| Very good | 284 | 10.1 | 652 | 18.9 | ||
| Good | 1675 | 59.4 | 2188 | 63.4 | ||
| Average/poor | 863 | 30.6 | 611 | 17.7 | ||
| BMI before pregnancy (kg/m2) | <0.05 | |||||
| <18.5 | 228 | 8.3 | 267 | 8.0 | ||
| 18.5–24.99 | 1907 | 69.5 | 2211 | 66.5 | ||
| 25.0–29.99 | 458 | 16.7 | 599 | 18.0 | ||
| ≥30 | 151 | 5.5 | 247 | 7.5 | ||
| Parameter | N | Mean | S.D. | Minimum | Maximum | p |
| Height (cm) | ns | |||||
| 2012 | 2752 | 166.0 | 6.1 | 139.0 | 188.0 | |
| 2017 | 3344 | 165.9 | 5.9 | 146.0 | 198.0 | |
| Gestational weight gain (kg) | <0.05 | |||||
| 2012 | 2753 | 15.5 | 5.7 | 0.0 | 102.0 | |
| 2017 | 3307 | 14.7 | 6.2 | 0.0 | 89.0 | |
BMI—body mass index; ns—non-significant, p > 0.05.