Table 2.
Nutritional compositions of fresh, steamed, and fermented tea leaves.
| Nutrients | Nutritive Values (per 100 g Dry Weight) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Fresh Tea Leaves | Steamed Tea Leaves | Fermented Tea Leaves | |
| Energy (kcal) | 372.38 ± 1.32 c | 386.49 ± 0.67 b | 389.89 ± 0.73 a |
| Protein (g) | 50.40 ± 1.08 a | 24.70 ± 1.32 b | 22.58 ± 1.44 b |
| Fat (g) | 1.76 ± 0.04 b | 1.75 ± 0.13 b | 3.20 ± 0.23 a |
| Carbohydrate (g) | 38.74 ± 1.33 b | 67.99 ± 1.78 a | 67.69 ± 2.14 a |
| Total dietary fiber (g) | 88.06 ± 4.24 a | 51.99 ± 3.22 b | 50.11 ± 3.56 b |
| Soluble dietary fiber (g) | 15.23 ± 0.88 a | 13.48 ± 0.91 a | 13.82 ± 1.67 a |
| Insoluble dietary fiber (g) | 72.83 ± 3.35 a | 38.52 ± 2.31 b | 36.28 ± 1.89 b |
| Ash (g) | 9.10 ± 0.29 a | 5.57 ± 0.33 c | 6.53 ± 0.47 b |
| Minerals | |||
| Calcium (mg) | 587.69 ± 14.86 a | 511.31 ± 32.49 b | 453.65 ± 31.60 c |
| Sodium (mg) | 227.15 ± 15.31 b | 106.98 ± 2.67 c | 706.04 ± 54.82 a |
| Potassium (mg) | 2726.64 ± 82.13 a | 1432.62 ± 87.39 c | 1745.96 ± 172.99 b |
| Magnesium (mg) | 244.32 ± 13.33 a | 146.54 ± 7.65 b | 127.82 ± 5.53 b |
| Iron (mg) | 7.11 ± 0.07 a | 5.96 ± 0.35 b | 6.72 ± 0.42 a |
| Zinc (mg) | 8.65 ± 0.43 a | 1.75 ± 0.03 b | 2.01 ± 0.11 b |
| Vitamin s | |||
| Vitamin B1 (mg) | 2.52 ± 0.13 b | 4.17 ± 0.42 a | 2.56 ± 0.18 b |
| Vitamin B2 (mg) | 1.45 ± 0.11 a | 0.67 ± 0.06 b | 0.32 ± 0.02 c |
| Niacin (mg) | 10.78 ± 0.17 a | 3.70 ± 0.32 b | 2.69 ± 0.19 c |
| Vitamin C (mg) | 58.69 ± 3.56 a | 46.08 ± 4.00 b | ND |
All data are shown as the mean ± standard deviation (SD) of triplicate experiments (n = 3). ND: not detected. The letters indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) of the same nutrients in different tea samples using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan’s multiple comparison test.