Table 1.
Physicochemical properties of wastewater and river water.
| Sampling Sites | Parameters | |
|---|---|---|
| pH | Temperature (°C) | |
| HWW | 8.35 ± 0.62 a | 14.37 ± 6.96 |
| (7.60−9.20) b | (7.58−25.89) | |
| UWW | 8.39 ± 0.42 | 14.74 ± 6.60 |
| (8.02−9.22) | (7.58−25.85) | |
| TWW | 8.40 ± 0.35 | 15.55 ± 8.67 |
| (8.02−9.01) | (7.47−26.80) | |
| URW | 7.16 ± 0.41 | 11.76 ± 4.87 |
| (6.40−7.50) | (0.0−21.10) | |
| DRW | 7.21 ± 0.65 | 14.31 ± 6.0 |
| (6.50−8.40) | (9.30−24.70) | |
| p value c | 0.0011 * | 0.8452 |
a mean and standard deviation (±SD); b range c Kruskal–Wallis test, statistically significant differences [* p ≤ 0.001] between sampling stations. HWW—hospital waste water; UWW and TWW—untreated and treated wastewater; URW and DRW—upstream and downstream river water.