Table 1.
Summary of methods, materials (and their sources), and conditions examined in the studies included in the review.
| Reference | Methods | Material | Source | Condition |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Riehl et al. [31] | PCR | skin | mice | Inflammation |
| Leibold et al. [32] | IHC | skin biopsies | mice | Inflammation, keratinocytes |
| Nienhuis et al. [33] | ELISA | skin | humans | Systemic lupus |
| Wolf et al. [34] | IHC | skin | mice | Psoriasis |
| Szczepanski et al. [35] | IHC | keratinocytes | humans, human cell lines | Cholesteatoma |
| Wang et al. [36] | IHC | serum | mice | Atopic dermatitis |
| de Carvalho et al. [37] | IHC | serum | humans | Lichen planus |
| Karouppagunder et al. [38] | Western blot | skin | mice | Atopic dermatitis |
| Iwamura et al. [39] | IHC, PCR | skin | humans | Inflammation, apoptosis |
| Mulder et al. [40] | ELISA | skin, serum | humans | Endothelial diseases |
| Kim et al. [41] | ELISA, IHC, confocal microscopy | skin | humans | Leprosy |
| Na et al. [42] | ELISA, FACS, histopathology | serum | mice | Staphylococcal infections |
| Lohwasser et al. [20] | IHC | skin | humans | Stimulation with TNF and AGE |
| Niu et al. [43] | Western blot | serum | humans, human cell lines | Fibroblast proliferation |
| Park et al. [44] | ELISA | skin, serum | mice | Repairing and aging |
| Yamagishi et al. [45] | PCR & nucleotides | endothelial cells | cell lines | Diabetes & vessels |
| Bekircan-Kurt et al. [46] | IHC | skin biopsies | humans | Diabetes & vasculitides |
| Bakker et al. [47] | ELISA | serum | humans | Diabetes, celiac disease |
| Kankova et al. [48] | PCR | skin, blood | humans | Wounds & Diabetes |
| Kankova et al. [49] | PCR | skin, blood | humans | Vascular dermatoses |
| Wear-Maggitti et al. [50] | CD31 staining | skin | mice | Wounds & Diabetes |
| Ji et al. [51] | IHC, Western blot | skin | mice | Diabetic wounds |
| Yoshizaki et al. [52] | IHC | serum | humans, mice | Systemic sclerosis |
| Davies et al. [53] | IHC | skin | humans | Systemic sclerosis |
| Zhao et al. [54] | IHC | skin | mice, human cell lines | Dermal fibrosis |
| Lee et al. [55] | Western blot, IF | skin, melanocytes | human cell lines | Melanogenesis |
| Cui et al. [56] | IHC | skin | cell lines | Vitiligo |
| Cheong et al. [57] | Western blot | keratinocytes, melanocytes | human cell lines | Melanocyte toxicity |
IHC = immunohistochemistry, ELISA = enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay, PCR = polymerase chain reaction, FACS = fluorescence-activated cell sorting, IF = immunofluorescence.