Figure 1.

Schematic diagram of the zebrafish exposure to the plant-based fungicides. Collected embryos at around 2 h post-fertilization (hpf) were exposed to different concentrations of Equisetum arvense and Mimosa tenuiflora extracts and to Thymol for a period of 96 h. The selected concentrations varied from 1/300–1/200 to 1/3–1/2 of the determined LC₅₀. During the exposure period, daily lethal and sublethal parameters were assessed. After 96 h exposure, eleutheroembryo were collected for biochemical screening of different biomarkers associated with oxidative stress, energetic metabolism, and neurotransmission. At 120 hpf, the locomotor activity of the eleutheroembryo was assessed using different behavioural paradigms.