Table 2.
Antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella enterica isolated from hatcheries and their upstream breeder farms a.
| Serovar | n | No. (%) of Isolates Resistant to Antimicrobials | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NAL | CIP | ENR | NEO | GEN | STR | TET | AMC | CEP | FOX | XNL | AMP | SXT | COL | FFN | CHL | MDR | ||
| Hatchery | ||||||||||||||||||
| Albany | 17 | 17 (100.0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 (64.7) | 17 (100.0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 (100.0) | 17 (100.0) | 0 | 3 (17.6) | 17 (100.0) | 17 (100.0) |
| Montevideo | 11 | 11 (100.0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (9.1) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Senftenberg | 5 | 5 (100.0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Omuna | 1 | 1 (100.0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (100.0) | 1 (100.0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (100.0) | 1 (100.0) | 0 | 0 | 1 (100.0) | 1 (100.0) |
| Untypable | 2 | 1 (50.0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (50.0) | 0 | 1 (50.0) | 1 (50.0) | 1 (50.0) | 0 | 0 | 1 (50.0) |
| Subtotal | 36 | 35 (97.2) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 (41.7) | 18 (50.0) | 0 | 0 | 1 (2.8) | 0 | 19 (52.8) | 20 (55.6) | 1 (2.8) | 3 (8.3) | 18 (50.0) | 19 (52.8) |
| Breeder farm | ||||||||||||||||||
| Montevideo | 3 | 3 (100.0) | 0 | 0 | 3 (100.0) | 0 | 3 (100.0) | 3 (100.0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 (100.0) |
| Virchow | 3 | 2 (66.7) | 0 | 0 | 3 (100.0) | 0 | 2 (66.7) | 3 (100.0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 (66.7) | 2 (66.7) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 (66.7) |
| Subtotal | 6 | 5 (83.3) | 0 | 0 | 6 (100.0) | 0 | 5 (83.3) | 6 (100.0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 (33.3) | 2 (33.3) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 (83.3) |
| Total | 42 | 40 (95.2) | 0 | 0 | 6 (14.3) | 0 | 17 (40.5) | 24 (57.1) | 0 | 0 | 1 (2.4) | 2 (4.8) | 21 (50.0) | 23 (54.8) | 1 (2.4) | 3 (7.1) | 18 (42.9) | 24 (57.1) |
a NAL, nalidixic acid; CIP, ciprofloxacin; ENR, enrofloxacin; NEO, neomycin; GEN, gentamicin; STR, streptomycin; TET, tetracycline; AMC, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid; CEP, cephalexin; FOX, cefoxitin; XNL, ceftiofur; AMP, ampicillin; SXT, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole; COL, colistin; FFN, florfenicol; CHL, chloramphenicol; MDR, multiple drug resistance; n, number of isolates.